TABLE 2.
Comparison between the four studied groups according to shivering analysis
| Parameter | Group T (n = 30) | Group P (n = 30) | Group C (n = 30) | Group O (n = 30) | Test of significance | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shivering occurrence | 5a (16.7%) | 6a,b (20.0%) | 4a (13.3%) | 13b (43.3%) | χ2 = 9.317* | 0.025* |
| Total No. of shivering attacks | 0b (0–3) | 0b (0–3) | 0b (0–2) | 1a (0–3) | H = 14.574* | 0.002* |
| Significance between groups | P1 = 0.550, P2 = 0.729, P3 = 0.002*, P4 = 0.346, P5 = 0.012*, P6 = 0.001* | |||||
| 0 | 21a (70.0%) | 19a (63.3%) | 22a (73.3%) | 8b (26.7%) | χ2= 21.811* | 0.004* |
| 1 | 4a (13.3%) | 3a (10.0%) | 5a (16.7%) | 13b (43.3%) | ||
| 2 | 4a (13.3%) | 5a (16.7%) | 3a (10.0%) | 5a (16.7%) | ||
| 3 | 1a,b (3.3%) | 3a,b (10.0%) | 0b (0.0%) | 4a (13.3%) | ||
| No. of intraoperative attacks | 0 (0–2) | 0 (0–2) | 0 (0–1) | 1 (0–2) | H = 11.549* | 0.009* |
| Significance between groups | P1, = 0.564, P2 = 0.667, P3 = 0.007*, P4 = 0.314, P5 = 0.034*, P6 = 0.002* | |||||
| 0 | 22a (73.3%) | 20a (66.7%) | 23a (76.7%) | 12b (40.0%) | χ2 = 12.618* | 0.036* |
| 1 | 6a (20.0%) | 7a (23.3%) | 7a (23.3%) | 13a (43.3%) | ||
| 2 | 2a,b (6.7%) | 3a,b (10.0%) | 0b (0.0%) | 5a (16.7%) | ||
| No. of postoperative attacks | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–1) | H = 7.022 | 0.071 |
| 0 | 25 (83.3%) | 21 (70%) | 26 (86.7%) | 18 (60.0%) | χ2 = 7.289 | 0.063 |
| 1 | 5 (16.7%) | 9 (30%) | 4 (13.3%) | 12 (40.0%) | ||
| Time of the first intraoperative attack (min) | 35.0 ± 3.5 | 21.2 ± 4.9 | 47.0 ± 5.7 | 16.0 ± 2.6 | F = 81.104* | < 0.001* |
| Significance between groups | P1 < 0.001*, P2 = 0.001*, P3 < 0.001*, P4 < 0.001*, P5 = 0.053, P6 < 0.001* | |||||
| Time of the second intraoperative attack | 53.5 ± 3.5 | 48.4 ± 5.8 | – | 38.7 ± 4.0 | F = 5.889* | 0.032* |
| Significance between groups | p1 = 0.486, p3 = 0.035*, p5 = 0.076 | |||||
| Severity of the first attack | 0 (0–4) | 0 (0–4) | 0 (0–3) | 1.5 (0–4) | H = 14.776* | 0.002* |
| Significance between groups | P1, = 0.680, P2 = 0.489, P3 = 0.004*, P4 = 0.269, P5 = 0.013*, P6 < 0.001* | |||||
| Severity of the second attack | 0 (0–3) | 0 (0–3) | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–3) | H = 2.434 | 0.487 |
| Severity of the first attack 5 min after meperidine | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–1) | H = 5.313 | 0.150 |
| Severity of the second attack 5 min after meperidine | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | H = 0.0 | 1.000 |
| Time until disappearance of the first attack (min) | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.4 ± 0.1 | 1.1 ± 0.1 | 1.6 ± 0.1 | F = 56.969* | < 0.001* |
| Significance between groups | P1 < 0.001*, P2 = 0.546, P3 < 0.001*, P4 = 0.006*, P5 = 0.016*, P6 < 0.001* | |||||
| Time until disappearance of the second attack (min) | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 1.2 ± 0.0 | – | 1.4 ± 0.1 | F = 33.250* | < 0.001* |
| Significance between groups | P1 = 0.005*, P3 < 0.001*, P5 = 0.034* | |||||
| Response of the first attack | ||||||
| Incomplete | 1 (20.0%) | 3 (50.0%) | 2 (50.0%) | 4 (36.4%) | χ2 = 1.461 | 0.802 |
| Complete | 4 (80.0%) | 3 (50.0%) | 2 (50.0%) | 7 (63.6%) | ||
| Response of the second attack | ||||||
| Incomplete | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | – | 0 (0.0%) | – | – |
| Complete | 1 (100.0%) | 3 (100.0%) | – | 5 (100.0%) | ||
| Shivering severity in the PACU | 0 (0–2) | 0 (0–2) | 0 (0–2) | 0 (0–4) | H = 3.547 | 0.315 |
| Severity of the PACU shivering attack 5 min after meperidine | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–1) | H = 3.480 | 0.323 |
| Time to the first postoperative attack (min) | 71.0 ± 2.7 | 68.3 ± 5.5 | 81.8 ± 6.5 | 66.0 ± 2.8 | F = 12.404* | < 0.001* |
| Significance between groups | P1 = 0.688, P2 = 0.007*, P3 = 0.195, P4 < 0.001*, P5 = 0.610, P6 < 0.001* | |||||
| Response of the PACU attack | ||||||
| Incomplete | – | 4 (57.1%) | – | 7 (58.3%) | χ2 = 0.003 | 1.000 |
| Complete | – | 3 (42.9%) | – | 5 (41.7%) | ||
| Meperidine requirement | ||||||
| No | 25a (83.3%) | 24a (80.0%) | 27a (90.0%) | 15b (50.0%) | χ2 = 15.415* | 0.001* |
| Yes | 5a (16.7%) | 6a (20.0%) | 3a (10.0%) | 15b (50.0%) | ||
| Total meperidine consumption (mg) | 35.0 ± 13.7 | 37.5 ± 13.7 | 25.0 ± 0.0 | 33.3 ± 12.2 | F = 0.716 | 0.552 |
| Time for first postoperative analgesia request (min) | 187.2 ± 9.2 | 277.5 ± 8.8 | 209.5 ± 8.8 | 169.4 ± 5.7 | F = 985.65* | < 0.001* |
| Significance between groups | P1 < 0.001*, P2 < 0.001*, P3 < 0.001*, P4 < 0.001*, P5 < 0.001*, P6 < 0.001* | |||||
F – ANOVA test, Pairwise comparison between each 2 groups was done using post hoc test (Tukey). H – Kruskal Wallis test, Pairwise comparison bet. each 2 groups was done using post hoc test (Dunn’s for multiple comparisons test). χ2 – chi square test.
*
Statistically significant at P ≤ 0.05 Common letters are not significant (i.e. different letters are significant)
P: P value for comparing between the four studied groups
P1: P value for comparing between group T and group P
P2: P value for comparing between group T and group C
P3: P value for comparing between group T and group O
P4: P value for comparing between group P and group C
P5: P value for comparing between group P and group O
P6: P value for comparing between group C and group O