Table 2. Cardiopulmonary and Hemodynamic Responses During Peak Treadmill Exercise and Physical Function Measures.
| Measure | Raw data, mean (SD) | Adjusted data, mean (SE)a | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients with HFpEF | HCs | P value | Patients with HFpEF | HCs | P value | |
| Peak VO2, mL/kg/min | 14.8 (3.0) | 26.0 (6.6) | <.001 | 15.0 (1.0) | 25.9 (0.8) | <.001 |
| Peak VO2, mL/min | 1539 (393) | 1923 (643) | .007 | 1569 (84) | 1905 (65) | .002 |
| Peak VCO2, mL/min | 1665 (433) | 2162 (832) | .005 | 1703 (105) | 2139 (82) | .002 |
| Ventilatory anaerobic threshold, mL/min | 1111 (271) | 1001 (367) | .91 | 1022 (57) | 988 (44) | .64 |
| Peak respiratory exchange ratio | 1.08 (0.07) | 1.11 (0.10) | .17 | 1.08 (0.02) | 1.11 (0.01) | .21 |
| Peak heart rate, beats per min | 138 (22) | 152 (16) | .002 | 138 (4) | 152 (3) | .003 |
| Peak systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 190 (22) | 176 (17) | .003 | 190 (4) | 176 (3) | .002 |
| Peak diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 81 (10) | 79 (11) | .68 | 81 (2) | 79 (1) | .50 |
| 6-min Walk distance, m | 373 (61) | 546 (94) | <.001 | 375 (16) | 545 (12) | <.001 |
| SPPB 4-m walk time, s | 5.1 (1.0) | 3.7 (0.9) | <.001 | 5.1 (0.2) | 3.7 (0.1) | <.001 |
| SPPB chair time, s | 14.1 (4.0) | 9.6 (2.0) | <.001 | 14.1 (0.6) | 9.6 (0.4) | <.001 |
| SPPB total score, units | 9.9 (1.6) | 11.6 (1.1) | <.001 | 9.9 (0.2) | 11.6 (0.2) | <.001 |
| Right leg strength, N · m | 87.0 (27.2) | 101.5 (37.3) | .14 | 87.9 (7.2) | 100.6 (5.0) | .15 |
| Left leg strength, N · m | 79.9 (21.3) | 107.7 (35.2) | .006 | 81.9 (7.1) | 105.6 (4.4) | .007 |
Abbreviations: HFpEF, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; HC, healthy control; peak VCO2, peak carbon dioxide output; peak VO2, peak exercise oxygen consumption; SPPB, Short Physical Performance Battery.
a
Adjusted for sex.