Table 3.

Data on antimicrobials reported in the point-prevalence survey illustrated on patient level.

	Total N (%)	Academic centers	Non-academic centers	p-values
Antimicrobial prevalence rate overall, n/N (%)
Antimicrobial	142/320 (44.4)	133/277 (48.0)	9/43 (20.9)	<0.001
Antibiotic	126/320 (39.4)	119/277 (43.0)	7/43 (16.3)	<0.001
Antifungal	59/320 (18.4)	54/277 (19.5)	5/43 (11.6)	0.291
Antimicrobial prevalence rate per center (%), median (95%-CI)
Antimicrobial	44.5 (35.9–49.9)	50.0 (41.2–55.2)	20.0 (11.0–32.4)	<0.001
Antibiotic	40.0 (31.8–45.0)	48.5 (36.6–49.9)	16.3 (7.0–30.8)	0.0013
Antifungal	17.9 (12.1–22.8)	17.9 (12.9–25.3)	10.0 (−1.8–23.4)	0.38
Prescribed antimicrobial per patient, median (IQR)	2.0 (1.0–3.0)	2.0 (1.0–3.0)	1.0 (1.0–2.5)	0.42
Antibiotics	1.0 (1.0–2.0)	1.0 (1.0–2.0)	1.0 (0.5–2.0)	0.19
Antifungals	0.0 (0.0–1.0)	0.0 (0.0–1.0)	1.0 (0.0–1.0)	0.61
Indication, n/N (%)
Antibiotics	126/142 (88.7)	119/133 (89.5)	7/9 (77.8)	0.243
Therapy	114/142 (80.3)	108/133 (81.2)	6/9 (66.7)	0.380
Medical prophylaxis	9/142 (6.3)	7/133 (5.3)	2/9 (22.2)	0.102
Surgical prophylaxis	7/142 (4.9)	7/133 (5.3)	0/9 (0.0)	1.000
Antifungals	59/142 (41.5)	54/133 (40.6)	5/9 (55.6)	0.490
Therapy	18/142 (12.7)	17/133 (12.8)	1/9 (11.1)	1.000
Medical prophylaxis	40/142 (28.2)	36/133 (27.1)	4/9 (44.4)	0.270
Unknown	1/124 (0.0)	0/133 (0.0)	1/9 (11.1)
Point of therapy, n/N (%)
First-line	49/142 (34.5)	46/133 (34.6)	3/9 (33.3)	1.00
Escalation	93/142 (65.5)	87/133 (65.4)	6/9 (66.7)	1.00
Therapy regimen, n/N (%)
Monotherapy	60/142 (42.3)	55/133 (41.4)	5/9 (55.6)	0.49
Antibiotic	58/126 (46.0)	54/119 (45.4)	4/7 (57.1)	0.70
Antifungal	54/59 (91.5)	49/54 (90.7)	5/5 (100.0)	1.00
Combination	82/142 (57.7)	78/133 (58.6)	4/9 (44.4)	0.49
Antibiotic	68/126 (54.0)	65/119 (54.6)	3/7 (42.9)	0.70
≥3 antibiotics	13/68 (19.1)	13/65 (20.0)	0/3 (0.0)	1.00
Antifungal	5/59 (8.5)	5/54 (9.3)	0/5 (0.0)	1.00

Bold values indicate statistically significant p-values.