RUD refinement performed by samples taken from plant or from bees/pollen traps in semi‐field conditions*	RUD refinement performed by samples taken from bees/pollen traps in field conditions*
Combination with PFF refinement possible?	No (the effects of the underlying process of PFF are reflected in the RUD refinement if it was for preflowering application)
Combination with LF refinement possible?	Yes (the sampling method prevents landscape effects)	No (the sampling method includes landscape effects, albeit limited in case of sites with minimum alternative forage)

^*Further explanations/definitions are available in Section 5.5.8.