Skip to main content
. 2023 Apr 27;14:1145939. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1145939

Table 3.

Subgroup analysis based on the type of tau tracer used for studies involving PD and HCs subjects.

Region Tracer Number of studies Subjects SMD [95% CI] Overall effect Heterogeneity
PD HCs Z P I 2 [%] P
Global 1st generation 3 58 43 −0.102 [−0.69, 0.49] −0.34 0.735 45.0 0.163
2nd generation 0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Frontal lobe 1st generation 4 38 33 −0.39 [−1.31, 0.52] −0.847 0.397 68.7 0.022
2nd generation 1 10 13 −0.37 [−1.20, 0.47] −0.862 0.389 N/A N/A
Prefrontal lobe 1st generation 2 27 40 −0.19 [−0.69, 0.30] −0.760 0.447 0 0.461
2nd generation 1 6 10 0.07 [−0.94, 1.09] 0.142 0.887 N/A N/A
Parietal lobe 1st generation 5 49 65 −0.08 [−0.70, 0.54] −0.253 0.801 58.1 0.049
2nd generation 1 10 13 −0.10 [−0.93, 0.72] −0.240 0.811 N/A N/A
Sub.parietal lobe 1st generation 2 49 40 0.128 [−0.29, 0.55] 0.60 0.551 0 0.442
2nd generation 0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Inf.parietal lobe 1st generation 2 49 40 0.122 [−0.30, 0.54] 0.57 0.567 0 0.950
2nd generation 0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Occipital lobe 1st generation 3 57 50 0.072 [−0.31, 0.45] −0.302 0.763 0 0.961
2nd generation 1 10 13 0 [−0.82, 0.82] 0 1.000 N/A N/A
Lat.temporal lobe 1st generation 2 24 13 0.35 [−0.33, 1.04] 1.013 0.311 0 0.391
2nd generation 1 10 13 −0.21 [−1.04, 0.61] −0.504 0.614
Med.temporal lobe 1st generation 2 24 13 −1.21 [−1.95, −0.47] −3.221 0.001 0 0.836
2nd generation 0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Sup.temporal lobe 1st generation 3 75 63 −0.18 [−0.52, 0.16] −1.05 0.294 0 0.392
2nd generation 0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Mid.temporal lobe 1st generation 2 49 40 0.056 [−0.364, 0.475] 0.26 0.795 0 0.481
2nd generation 0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Inf.temporal lobe 1st generation 4 159 227 1.09 [−0.11, 2.28] 1.78 0.074 94.7 0
2nd generation 0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Caudate nucleus 1st generation 3 47 71 −0.20 [−0.62, 0.22] −0.948 0.343 13.5 0.315
2nd generation 1 10 13 0 [−0.82, 0.82] 0 1.000 N/A N/A
Putamen 1st generation 4 46 76 −0.15 [−0.52, 0.22] −0.791 0.429 0 0.725
2nd generation 2 16 23 0.58 [−0.07, 1.24] 1.747 0.081 0 0.986
Globus pallidus 1st generation 5 81 104 −0.36 [−0.66, −0.06] −2.38 0.017 0 0.699
2nd generation 2 16 23 0.47 [−0.18, 1.12] 1.431 0.152 0 0.999
Thalamus 1st generation 3 29 30 −0.18 [−0.70, 0.34] −0.675 0.500 0 0.721
2nd generation 1 10 13 0.06 [−0.77, 0.88] 0.141 0.888 N/A N/A
Subthalamic nucleus 1st generation 3 49 66 −0.09 [−0.85, 0.66] −0.243 0.808 67.7 0.045
2nd generation 2 16 23 0.31 [−0.33, 0.96] 0.950 0.342 0 0.488
Midbrain 1st generation 1 8 5 −0.62 [−1.77, 0.53] −1.060 0.289 N/A N/A
2nd generation 2 16 23 0.19 [−0.45, 0.83] 0.570 0.568 0 0.671
Substantia nigra 1st generation 4 73 94 −1.18 [−1.52, −0.85] −6.890 0 0 0.941
2nd generation 2 16 23 0.13 [−0.51, 0.77] 0.396 0.692 0 0.624
Dentate nucleus 1st generation 3 47 71 0.05 [−0.32, 0.42] 0.254 0.799 0 0.626
2nd generation 2 16 23 −0.15 [−0.79, 0.49] −0.470 0.638 0 0.700
Entorhinal 1st generation 4 168 223 −0.12 [−0.33, 0.08] −1.18 0.237 0 0.852
2nd generation 0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Hippocampus 1st generation 3 75 63 −0.50 [−0.84,−0.16] −2.86 0.004 0 0.995
2nd generation 0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Precuneus 1st generation 4 84 92 0.37 [−0.3, 1.05] 1.08 0.278 77.3 0.004
2nd generation 0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Post.cingulate 1st generation 4 73 53 −0.38 [−0.88, 0.12] 1.48 0.138 39.7 0.174
2nd generation 0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Ant.cingulate 1st generation 2 49 40 −0.16 [−0.58, 0.26] −0.76 0.448 0 0.648
2nd generation 0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Sensorimotor 1st generation 2 49 40 0.067 [−0.35, 0.49] 0.31 0.755 0 0.822
2nd generation 0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Insula 1st generation 2 49 40 −0.15 [−0.57, 0.27] 0.71 0.477 0 0.888
2nd generation 0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Amygdala 1st generation 2 49 40 −0.32 [−0.74, 0.10] 1.48 0.14 0 0.732
2nd generation 0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

PD, Parkinson's disease; HCs, healthy controls; SMD, Standardized mean difference; CI, confidence interval; N/A, Not applicable. The bold values indicate the value of P < 0.05.