TABLE 2.

Characteristics of included documents (Animal experiments).

Literature	Objects	Weight	Anaesthesia	Grouping and administration	Result	Mechanism	Difference between groups
Tang and Sun (1986)	C57BL, Kunming mice, both	18–22 g	NR	Control group: normal saline	①FC for gastric cancer: ↓ tumor weight	____	①p < 0.01 (0.4 mg/mL)
				Aconitine group: 0.2, 0.1, 0.05, 0.4 mg/mL	②↓ tumor weight (sarcoma S180)		②p < 0.05 (0.2 mg/mL)
				Administration time: 14 d	③spontaneous metastasis of LLC: ↓ tumor weight		③p < 0.001 (0.4 mg/mL)
Yang et al. (2005)	C57 mice, male (SPF)	18–20 g	NR	Tumor bearing group: distilled water	①↓ tumor weight	____	①p < 0.001 (0.80 g/kg)
				Normal group: distilled water	②↓ thymus index		②p < 0.01 (0.80 g/kg)
				Aconitine group: 0.51, 0.64, 0.80 mg/kg	③↓ number of metastases		③p < 0.001 (0.51, 0.64 g/kg), p < 0.01 (0.80 g/kg)
				Administration time: 18 d
Zeng et al. (2007)	Kunming mice, both (SPF)	18–22 g	Cervical dislocation	Model group: normal saline	①↓ tumor weight	____	①p < 0.01 (60 g/kg)
				Aconitine group: 0.15, 0.30, 0.60 mg/mL
				Administration time: 10 d
Wu et al. (2018)	ICR mice, both	20 ± 2 g	NR	Control group: distilled water	①↑ mononuclear macrophage phagocytosis	____	①p > 0.05 (50, 100, 150 mg/kg)
				Positive drug: Levamisole hydrochloride, 100 mg/kg	② ↑serum IgG level		②p < 0.01 (50, 100 mg/kg), p < 0.05 (150 mg/kg)
				Aconitine group: 0.50, 1.00, 1.50 mg/kg
				Administration time: 7 d
Ren and Zeng (2008)	Kunming mice, male	18–22 g	Cervical dislocation	Blank group: Normal saline, 0.2 mL	⑴↓ tumor weight	⑴↑ TNF-α, ↓ NF-κB, ↑ caspase-3	①p < 0.01
				Aconitine group: 2 mg/kg			⑴p < 0.05
				Administration time: 10 d
Zhao et al. (2014)	C57BL mice, male (SPF)	20 ± 2 g	NR	Normal group: normal saline	①↑ 10 min autonomous activity frequency	____	①p < 0.01
				Model group: 0.5% CMC-Na	②↑ heart oxygen saturation, ↑ body temperature, ↓ plasma viscosity		②p < 0.01 (3 g/kg), p < 0.05 (1 g/kg)
				Positive drug: DOX, 5 mg/kg	③↑ erythrocyte ATPase		③p < 0.01
				Aconitine group: 1 mg/kg, 3 mg/kg	④↓ intratumoral/pulmonary capillary permeability		④p < 0.01
				Administration time: 5 d	⑤↓ tumor/lung HIF-1α, ↓ tumor weight		⑤p < 0.01
					⑥↑ intratumoral/pulmonary oxygen saturation		⑥p < 0.01
					⑦↓ number of pulmonary metastatic nodules		⑦p < 0.01
Ji et al. (2016)	Athymic nude mice, male	20 ± 2 g	NR	Model group: methanol	①↓ tumor volume	____	①p < 0.01 (50, 100 mg/kg, 24, 28 d)
				Aconitine group: 0.50, 1.0 mg/kg	②↓ tumor weight		②p < 0.01 (50 mg/kg), p < 0.001 (100 mg/kg)
				Administration time: 28 d
Ma (2017)	Kunming mice, male	18–22 g	NR	Model group: 0.5% CMC-Na	①↑ body weight (10 w), → body weight (16 w)	⑴↑ E-Cadherin, ↑ Cytokoratin-18, ↓ N-Cadherin, ↓ Vimentin protein expression, ↓ OCT-4, ↓ NANOG, ↓ PCNA protein expression	①NR
				Aconitine group: 0.2 mg/kg	②↓ 5min autonomous activity		②NR
				Administration time: 26 w	③↓ lung index		③p < 0.05
					④↓ number of pulmonary nodules		④p < 0.01
							⑴NR
Qi et al. (2018)	C57BL/6J mice, female (SPF)	18–22 g	NR	Model group: normal saline, 5 mL/kg	①↓ tumor volume	⑴→PD-L1 mRNA expression	①p < 0.05
				Aconitine group: 36.0 mg/10 g	②↓ tumor weight, ↓ tumor inhibition rate		②p < 0.05
				Administration time: 16 d	③↑ apoptosis rate		③p < 0.05
					④↑ IL-2, → IL-5, ↑ IL-6, ↑ IL-10, → IL-12, ↓ TGF-β content		④p < 0.05 (Il-2, IL-6, IL-10, TGF-β)
					⑤→ Treg ratio of LLC model mice		⑤p > 0.05
							⑴p > 0.05
Qi et al. (2018)	BALB/c nude mice, male	20 ± 2 g	NR	Control group: PBS	①↓ tumor volume	____	①p < 0.01 (2, 4 mg/kg)
				Aconitine group: 2, 4 mg/kg	②↑ survival time of mice		②NR
				Administration time: 21 d
Wu et al. (2018)	FVB mice, male	20–22 g	Cervical dislocation	Control group: 0.1% DMSO	①↑ ARE fluorescein activity	⑴↑ MRP2, ↑ BCRP protein expression	①p < 0.001 (25, 50, 100 μM)
				Aconitine group: 0.6 mg/kg		⑵↑ MRP2, ↑ BCRP gene expression level	⑴p < 0.001 (Jejunum, Ileum, Colon)
				Administration time: 14 d		⑶↑ Nrf2/β-actin expression rate	⑵p < 0.05 (Jejunum, Ileum, Colon)
						1 ↑ MRP2, ↑ BCRP expression rate	⑶p < 0.001 (Jejunum), p < 0.01(Colon), p < 0.01 (Ileum)
							⑷p < 0.01 (Jejunum, Ileum, Colon)
Cheng (2019)	615 mice, both (SPF)	24 ± 2 g	Cervical dislocation	Normal group: sterile normal saline	①↓ tumor volume	____	①p < 0.05
				Model group: sterile normal saline	②↓ tumor weight, ↑ tumor inhibition rate		②p < 0.01 (0.15 mg/mL)
				Positive drug: Celecoxib, 0.5 mg/mL	③↓ Treg ratio of peripheral mononuclear cells in mice		③p < 0.01 (0.1, 0.15 mg/mL)
				Aconitine group: 0.05, 0.1, 0.15 mg/mL	④↓ Treg ratio of mouse spleen mononuclear cells		④p < 0.01 (0.15 mg/mL)
				Administration time: 14 d	⑤↓ PGE2 content in peripheral blood of mice		⑤p < 0.01 (0.05, 0.1 mg/mL)
					⑥↑ survival time of mice		⑥p < 0.05 (0.15 mg/mL)
Wang (2020)	BaLB/c mice, male (SPF)	20 ± 2 g	0.1 mL 1% Pentobarbital solution	Normal group: sterile normal saline 0.2 mL	①↑ weight, ↑ body mass	⑴→ NKp46, ↓ NKG2D, ↓ TIGIT, → TACTILE expression level	①p < 0.05 (0.5 mg/mL), p < 0.05 (0.5 mg/mL)
				Model group: sterile normal saline 0.2 mL	②↓ growth rate of subcutaneous tumor	⑵↑ CD107a expression	②p < 0.05
				Aconitine group: 0.125, 0.25, 0.5 mg/mL, 0.2 mL	③↑ tumor inhibition rate		③p < 0.05 (0.25 mg/mL), p < 0.01 (0.5 mg/mL)
				Administration time: 21d	④↑ thymus Index		④p < 0.05 (0.5 mg/mL)
					⑤↓ spleen index		⑤p < 0.05 (0.25 mg/mL), p < 0.01 (0.5 mg/mL)
					⑥↑ TNF-α, ↑ IL-1β, ↑ IFN-γ, → B cells, ↑ T cells content		⑥p < 0.05 (0.5 mg/mL)
					⑦↑ NK cell number		⑦p < 0.05 (0.5 mg/mL)
							⑴p < 0.05 (0.5 mg/mL)
							⑵p < 0.05 (0.5 mg/mL)