TABLE 3.
Characteristics of included documents (Cell experiment).
Literature | Cell lines | Grouping and concentration | Results | Mechanism | Difference between groups |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Yang et al. (2005) | LM2 cell line | Solvent control: RPMI-1640 | ①↑ 24 h apoptosis rate, ↑ 48 h apoptosis rate | ____ | ①p < 0.01 (5, 25 mg/mL, 24, 48 h), p < 0.05 (75 mg/mL, 24, 48 h) |
Aconitine group: 5, 25, 75 mg/mL (24, 48 h) | |||||
Zeng et al. (2007) | LoVo, MGC803 cell line | Solvent control: RPMI-1640 | ①↓ OD value | ____ | ①NR |
Aconitine group: 10, 40, 80, 100, 200, 400, 600, 800 (10–3 g/mL) | ②↑ inhibition rate | ②NR | |||
Xu et al. (2008) | S180 cells were derived from Kunming mice | Blank control group: RPMI-1640, cell-free | ①↓ absorbance A | ____ | ①NR |
Positive drug: 5-FU, 0.083 mg/mL | ②↑ tumor inhibition rate | ②p < 0.01 | |||
Aconitine group: 0.01, 0.1, 1.0 mg/mL | |||||
Zhu (2008) | AGS, HepG2 and A549 cell line | Negative control: RPMI-1640 | ①↑ tumor inhibition rate | ____ | ①p < 0.05 |
Blank control group: normal saline, cell-free | |||||
Blank control group: 0.05% DMSO, cell-free | |||||
Positive drug: 5-FU, 100 μg/mL | |||||
Aconitine group: 0.05, 0.5, 5, 50 μg/mL | |||||
Rao and Peng (2010) | Retinal nerve cells of rats were derived from SD rats and suckling rats | Negative control: 5% CO2, 20% DMEM, cell-free | ①↓ G0/G1 phase, ↓ S phase and ↑ G2/M phase | ⑴↓ p21-Ras gene and protein expression | ①p < 0.05 |
Aconitine group: 0.5%, 1 mL | ⑴p = 0.036 < 0.05 | ||||
Zhang and Wu (2011) | SGC-7901, moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma cell line | Blank control group: RPMI-1640, cell-free | ①↑ tumor inhibition rate | ____ | ①p > 0.05 (20 mg/mL, 24 h), p < 0.05 (20 mg/mL, 48, 72 h), p < 0.05 (40, 80 mg/mL, 24, 48, 72 h) |
Positive drug: 5-FU, 50 μg/mL | ②↑ apoptosis rate | ②p > 0.05 (40, 80 mg/mL, 24 h) | |||
Aconitine group: 20, 40, 80 mg/mL (24, 48, 72 h) | |||||
Liu (2013) | Eca-109, MGC80-3, BGC-823, A549, NCI-H460, NCI-H446, MCF-7, SK-OV-3, A375, K-562, U937, S-180 and MHCC97-H cell lines | Positive drug: DDP, 0.15, 0.75, 1.5, 5, 15, 50 μg/mL | ①↑ tumor inhibition rate | ____ | ①NR |
Aconitine group: 3, 10, 30, 100, 300, 1000 μg/mL (72 h) | |||||
Ding et al. (2013) | SGC-7901 cell lines | Blank control group: PBS, cell-free | ①↑ cell proliferation inhibition rate | ____ | ①p < 0.01 (0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8 mg/mL, 24, 48, 72 h) |
Aconitine group: 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8 mg/mL (24, 48, 72 h) | ②↑ apoptosis rate | ②p < 0.05 (0.2, 0.4, 0.8 mg/mL) | |||
③↓ G0/G1phase, ↓ G2/M phase, ↑ S phase | ③NR | ||||
Ding (2014) | SGC-7901 cell lines | Blank control group: PBS, cell-free | ①↑ inhibition rate | ____ | ①p < 0.01 (200, 400, 800 μg/mL, 24, 48, 72 h) |
Aconitine group: 50, 100, 200, 400, 800 μg/mL (24, 48, 72 h) | ②↓ IC50 | ②NR | |||
③↑ inhibition rate of cell invasion | ③p < 0.01 (100, 200, 400 μg/mL) | ||||
④↑ early apoptosis rate | ④p < 0.01 (100, 200, 400 μg/mL) | ||||
⑤↓ G0/G1 phase, ↓ G2/M phase, ↑ S phase | ⑤NR | ||||
Hao (2014) | SGC-7901, HepG2 and A549 cell lines | Blank control group: RPMI-1640, cell-free | ①↓ OD value of cell proliferation of SGC-7901 | ____ | ①p < 0.01 (5, 10, 50, 100 μg/mL), p < 0.05 (1 μg/mL) |
Aconitine group: 1, 5, 10, 50, 100 μg/mL | ②↓ OD value of cell proliferation of HepG2 | ②p < 0.01 (5, 10, 50, 100 μg/mL), p < 0.05 (1 μg/mL) | |||
③↓ OD value of cell proliferation of A549 | ③p < 0.01 | ||||
Zhao et al. (2014) | Lewis lung cancer cells were derived from C57BL/6 mice | Model group: RPMI-1640, cell-free | ①↓ cell proliferation | ____ | ①p < 0.01 |
Aconitine group: 0.2、0.1、0.05、0.025 μg/mL | ②↓ cell adhesion | ②p < 0.01 | |||
③↑ SDH content | ③p < 0.01 (0.2, 0.1 μg/mL), p < 0.05 (0.05 g/mL) | ||||
Fan et al. (2016) | A549 cell lines | Negative control: No drugs | ①↑ apoptosis rate | ⑴↑ p38 MAPK expression level | ①p < 0.05 |
Aconitine group: 100, 200, 400, 800 μg/mL | ②↓ ΔΨm of A549 cell | ⑵↑ DRS,↑ TNF-R1 expression level | ②NR | ||
⑶↑ p53, ↑ Bax, ↓ Bcl-2 expression level | ⑴p < 0.05 | ||||
⑷↓ expression of Cytochrome C | ⑵p < 0.05 | ||||
⑸↑ cleaved caspase-9, ↓ pro-caspase-8, ↓ pro-caspase-3 expression level | ⑶p < 0.05 | ||||
⑷p < 0.05 | |||||
⑸p < 0.05 | |||||
Guan et al. (2015) | K562 cell lines | Blank control group: RPMI-1640, cell-free | ①↑ cell proliferation inhibition rate | ____ | ①p < 0.05 (25, 50 mg/L, 24 h) |
Solvent control: PBS | ②↓ number of G1 cells, ↑ number of S cells | ②p < 0.05 (25, 50 mg/L, 72 h) | |||
Aconitine group: 5, 10, 25, 50, 75, 100 mg/L (24, 48, 72 h) | ③↑ 72 h apoptosis rate | ③p < 0.05 (25, 50 mg/L, 72 h) | |||
Ji et al. (2016) | Pancreatic cancer cell lines miapaca-2 and PANC-1 | Negative control: No drugs | ①↑ tumor inhibition rate | ⑴↓ NF-κB, ↑ Bax, ↓ Bcl-2, ↑ cleaved caspase-9,↑ cleaved caspase-3, ↑ cleaved PARP, ↑ cyto.C protein level | ①p < 0.01 (30 μM) |
Aconitine group: 10, 20, 40, 80 μM (24h, 48, 72 h) | ②↓ cell colony forming number | ⑵↑ caspase-3, → caspase-8, ↑ caspase-9 relative activity | ②p < 0.05 (15, 30 μM), p < 0.01 (60 μM) | ||
③↑ apoptosis rate | ③p < 0.05 (30, 60 μM) | ||||
⑴p < 0.0.5 (15, 30, 60 μM) | |||||
⑵p < 0.05 (15, 30, 60 μM) | |||||
Guan et al. (2017) | K562, K562 daunorubicin resistant cell lines | Blank control group: RPMI-1640, cell-free | ①↑ K562 cell proliferation inhibition rate | ⑴↓ C/EBP-α, ↑ caspase-3, ↑ p53 gene expression | ①p < 0.05 (10, 25, 50, 75, 100 μmol/L, 24, 48, 72 h) |
Solvent control: PBS | ②↑ K562/DNR cell proliferation inhibition rate | ②p < 0.05 (10, 25, 50, 75, 100 μmol/L, 24, 48, 72 h) | |||
Aconitine group: 5, 10, 25, 50, 75, 100 μmol/L (24, 48, 72 h) | ③↑ K562, K562/DNR apoptosis rate | ③p < 0.05 (25, 50 μmol/L, 72 h) | |||
⑴p < 0.05 (50 μmol/L, C/EBP-α, Caspase-3, p53) | |||||
Ma (2017) | Mouse Lewis lung cancer cells (LLC) | Blank control group: DMEM, cell-free | ①↓ LLC cell malignant proliferation fluorescence | ⑴↓ Oct-4, ↓ NANOG, ↓ PCNA expression level | ①p < 0.05 |
Aconitine group: 0.1, 1, 10, 100, 1000 μg/mL (72 h) | ②↓ LLC cell erosion ability | ⑵↑ EGF, ↑ FGF, ↑ HGF, ↑ OSM, ↑ β-actin expression | ②p < 0.05 | ||
③↓ Cell self-renewal ability | ③p < 0.05 | ||||
⑴p < 0.01 | |||||
⑵p < 0.05 | |||||
Ma and Yu (2018) | Peripheral blood B lymphocytes of multiple myeloma (RPMI8226) | Blank control group: RPMI-1640, cell-free | ①↑ cell proliferation inhibition rate | ____ | ①p < 0.05 (4, 6, 8 μmol, 12, 24, 36, 48 h) |
Negative control: PBS and absolute ethanol | ②↑ apoptosis rate | ②p < 0.05 (4, 8 μmol, 24, 48 h) | |||
Aconitine group: 0.1, 0.5, 1, 10, 100 μmol/mL (24, 48 h) | |||||
Qi et al. (2018) | HepG2, Huh7 and L02 cells | Negative control: No drugs | ①↓ cell viability | ⑴↑ Bax, ↓ Bcl-2, ↑ cleaved caspases-3, ↑ cleaved caspases-7, ↑ cleaved caspases-PARP, → GAPDH protein expression | ①p < 0.05 (6.25, 12.5 μg/mL, 24 h), p < 0.01 (6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100 μg/mL, 48,72 h) |
Aconitine group: 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100 μg/mL (24, 48, 72 h) | ②↑ apoptosis rate | ⑵↑ cytochrome c/tublin, ↓ cytochrome c/Cox IV content | ②p < 0.01 (25, 50 μg/mL) | ||
③↑ ROS content | ③p < 0.01 (25, 50 μg/mL) | ||||
⑴p < 0.01 (50 μg/mL), p < 0.05 (25 μg/mL) | |||||
⑵p < 0.01 (25, 50 μg/mL) | |||||
Wu et al. (2018) | human colon cancer cell line LS174T, Caco-2 | Blank control group: DMSO | ①↓ accumulation of CDF | ⑴↑ MRP2, ↑ BCRP protein level | ①p < 0.01 |
Aconitine group: 5, 10, 20 μM (6,12 h) | ⑵↑ MRP2, ↑ BCRP expression rate | ⑴p < 0.001 (Jejunum, Ileum, Colon) | |||
⑶↑ MRP2/GAPDH, ↑ BCRP/GAPDH expression rate | ⑵p < 0.01 (Colon), p < 0.05 (Jejunum, Ileum) | ||||
⑷↑ MRP2, BCRP immunofluorescence rate | ⑶p < 0.01 (5, 10, 20 μM) | ||||
⑷p < 0.05 (20 μM) | |||||
Xiong et al. (2018) | Human hepatoma cell line MHCC97 | Blank control group: DMEM, cell-freeAconitine group: 5, 10, 20 μg/mL (96 h) | ①↓ proliferation number of hepatoma cells | ⑴↓ pP38, ↓ P38, ↓ p-MAPKAPK, ↓ p-HSP27 signal pathway expression | ①p < 0.05 (10, 20 μg/mL) |
②↓ invasiveness of hepatoma cells | ②p < 0.05 (10, 20 μg/mL) | ||||
③↓ migration ability of hepatoma cells | ③p < 0.05 (5, 10, 20 μg/mL) | ||||
⑴p < 0.05 (5, 10, 20 μg/mL) | |||||
Zhang et al. (2018) | H9c2 cell lines | Blank control group: DMSO, cell-free | ①↑ inhibition rate to H9c2 | ____ | ①p < 0.05 |
Aconitine group: 150, 250, 400, 500, 1000 μg/mL (24 h) | ②↑ LDH leakage rate | ②p < 0.05 (100, 400, 500 μg/mL) | |||
③↑ apoptosis rate | ③p < 0.05 (400, 500 μg/mL) | ||||
Shao et al. (2019) | A549 cell lines | Blank control group: RPMI-1640, cell-free | ①↑ cell proliferation inhibition rate | ⑴↓ Bcl-2, ↑ Bax, ↑ caspase-3, ↑ Beclin1, ↑ LC3, ↓ P62 mRNA expression level | ①p < 0.05 (100,200 μmol/L), p < 0.01 (400 μmol/L) |
Aconitine group: 10, 50, 100, 200, 400 μmol/mL (24,48,72 h) | ②↑ 48 h apoptosis rate | ⑵↓ Bcl-2, ↑ Bax, ↑ active caspase-3, ↑ Beclin1, ↑ LC3 II/I, ↑ P-62 protein expression level | ②p < 0.01 (200, 400 μmol/L) | ||
⑴p < 0.05 (Beclin1, LC3 II/I, P-62, 400 μmol/L), p < 0.01 (Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase-3, 400 μmol/L) | |||||
⑵p < 0.05 (Bcl-2, Bax, 400 μmol/L), p < 0.01 (Active caspase-3, Beclin1, LC3 II/I, P-62, 400 μmol/L) | |||||
Zhou et al. (2019) | Human esophageal carcinoma EC-1 cells | Blank control group: DMEM, cell-free | ①↑ tumor inhibition rate | ⑴↓ MMP-9, ↓ Bcl-2 protein expression level | ①p < 0.05 |
Negative control: No drugs | ②↓ cell clonogenic ability | ②p < 0.05, F = 127.59 (6.25, 12.5 μg/mL) | |||
Aconitine group: 0.8, 1.6, 3.2, 6.25, 12.5, 25.0 μg/mL (24,48,72 h) | ③↓ cell invasiveness | ③p < 0.05, F = 204.34 (6.25, 12.5 μg/mL) | |||
④↑ apoptosis index | ④p < 0.05, F = 428.56 (6.25, 12.5 μg/mL) | ||||
⑴p < 0.01 (6.25, 12.5 μg/mL) | |||||
Cheng et al. (2020) | Mouse peripheral blood mononuclear cells were from 615 mice (SPF grade) | Negative control: RPMI-1640, cell-free | ①↓ PGE2 content in monocytes of 615 mice | ____ | ①p < 0.05 (2 mg/mL) |
Positive drug: Celecoxib, 2.5 μg/mL | ②↓ percentage of Tregs differentiated from monocytes in 615 mice | ②p < 0.05 (0.5 mg/mL), p < 0.01 (0.1, 2 mg/mL) | |||
Aconitine group: 0.1, 0.5, 2 mg/mL | |||||
Jia and Zhang (2011) | Human gastric adenocarcinoma SGC-7901 cell line was derived from SD rats | Control group: normal saline | ①↓ SGC-7901 cell proliferation | ____ | ①p < 0.05 |
Positive drug: 5-FU, 250 mg/L | |||||
Aconitine group: 1:1000 (24,48,72 h) | |||||
Ru et al. (2020) | Gastric adenocarcinoma cell line MGC803 | Solvent control: DMEM, cell-free | ①↓ proliferation of gastric adenocarcinoma cells | ⑴↑ miR-23a expression, ↑ IRF1 gene expression level | ①p < 0.05 |
Negative control: No drugs | ②↓ cell colony forming ability | ②p < 0.05 (40 μg/mL) | |||
Aconitine group: 5, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 μg/mL (24,48,72 h) | ③↑ apoptosis index | ③p < 0.05 (40 μg/mL) | |||
⑴p < 0.05 (40 μg/mL, miR-23a), p < 0.01 (40 μg/mL, IRF1) | |||||
Wang (2020) | Human hepatoma cell lines Huh-7, MHCC-97h, MHCC -lm3, BEL-7402, Hep-G2, Hep -3B, SMMC-7721 | Blank control group: DMEM+10% FBS, cell-free | ①↓ OD value of hepatoma cells (48, 72 h) | ____ | ①p < 0.05 |
Negative control: No drugs | ②↑ apoptosis rate of hepatocellular carcinoma cells | ②p < 0.01 (high dose) | |||
Aconitine group: 250, 500, 1000, 2000, 4,000, 8,000 μg/mL (24,48,72 h) | ③↓ migration ability of hepatoma cells | ③NR | |||
Wang et al. (2020) | Human oVca cell lines, a2780 and normal ovarian cell ioSe80 | Negative control: No drugs | ①↓ cell viability | ⑴↑ ERβ, ↓ VEFG expression level | ①p < 0.01 (50, 100, 200, 400, 800, 1000 μg/mL, 24 h) |
Positive drug: DDP, 1, 5, 25, 50, 100 μg/mL | ②↓ cell colony forming number, ↓ cell invasiveness, ↓ cell migration ability | ⑵↓ HiF-α, ↑ PHd2, ↓ MMP2, ↓ MMP9, ↓ aTM, ↓ p-aTM, ↑ p53 expression level | ②p < 0.01 (100, 200, 400 μg/mL), p < 0.01 (25, 50, 100 μg/mL), p < 0.01 (100 μg/mL) | ||
Aconitine group: 10, 50, 100, 200, 400, 800, 1000 μg/mL (6,12,24 h) | ③↑ ΔΨm | ⑶↑ Bax, ↓ Bcl-2, ↑ apaf-1, ↑ cleaved caspase-3, ↑ cleaved caspase-9, ↓ Bcl-xl, ↑ Cyt C, ↑ cleaved ParP protein expression level | ③p < 0.01 (400 μg/mL), p < 0.05 (100, 200 μg/mL) | ||
④↑ apoptosis rate | ④p < 0.05 (100, 200, 400 μg/mL) | ||||
⑴p < 0.05 (100 μg/mL), p < 0.01 (200, 400 μg/mL) | |||||
⑵p < 0.01 (200, 400 μg/mL) | |||||
⑶p < 0.01 (200, 400 μg/mL) | |||||
Zhang et al. (2020) | A549 human lung cancer cell line | Negative control: No drugs | ①↑ A549 cell proliferation inhibition rate | ____ | ①p < 0.01 |
Positive drug: DDP, 0.5, 1, 5, 4, 6 μg/mL | ②A549 cell growth curve | ②NR | |||
Aconitine group: 300, 600, 900, 1200, 1500 μg/mL (24,48,72 h) | |||||
Zou et al. (2021) | Human osteosarcoma 143B cells | Negative control: No drugs | ①↓ cell viability | ⑴↑ caspase-3, ↑caspase-9 | ①p < 0.05 |
Aconitine group: 3.125, 6.25, 12.5, 25.00, 50.00 μg/mL (12,24,36 h) | ②↑ ROS positive rate | ②p < 0.05 (3 μmol/L) | |||
③↑ Gray scale ratio (p-JNK/β- actin) | ③p < 0.05 (3 μmol/L) | ||||
④↑ apoptosis rate | ④p < 0.05 (3 μmol/L) | ||||
⑤caspase mediated apoptosis | ⑤NR | ||||
⑴p < 0.05 (3 μmol/L) | |||||
Cai (2022) | Prostate cancer cell DU145 | Negative control: No drugs | ①↓ cell proliferation and survival rate | ⑴↑ Bax, ↓ Bcl-2, ↓ p-JAK2, → JAK2, → p-STAT3, → STAT3 protein level | ①p < 0.05 (10,20 μg/mL) |
Aconitine group: 5, 10, 20 μg/mL (48 h) | ②↓ number of cell invasion | ②p = 0.000 < 0.05, t = 13.702 | |||
③↑ apoptosis rate | ③p = 0.000 < 0.05, t = 29.336 | ||||
⑴p < 0.05 (Bax, Bcl-2), p < 0.05 (p-JAK2, p-STAT3), p > 0.05 (JAK2, STAT3) | |||||
Luan et al. (2022) | MCF-7, MCF-7/ADR, NIH3T3 cell line | Positive drug: DOX, etoposide, 0.2 mL | ①↑ anti-increment activity | ____ | ①p < 0.05 |
Aconitine group: 5, 10, 15 μM (48 h) | ②↑ G0/G1 phase, ↓ S phase | ②NR |
Note, NR, not report; ↑, Upregulated expression, rising and increasing; ↓, Downregulated expression, decreased; →, Unchanged; DDP, cisplatin; 5-Fu, 5-Fluorouracil; DOX, doxorubicin; SDH, succinate dehydrogenase; ΔΨm, Mitochondrial membrane potential; p38MAPK, P38 mitogen activated protein kinase; TNF-R1, tumor necrosis factor-R1; Bax, Bcl-2-associated X protein; Bcl-2, B cell lymphoma 2; Cyt C, Cytochrome C; C/EBPα, regulatory transcription factors; EGF, epidermal growth factor; FGF, fibroblast growth factor; HGF, hepatocyte growth factor; OSM, oncostatin-M; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; Beclin1, Autophagy effector protein 1; MMP, matrix metalloproteinase; PGE2, Prostaglandin e2; IRF1, Interferon regulatory factor 1; Erβ, estrogen receptor β; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor A; HiF-α, hypoxia-inducible factor; PHd2, prolyl hydroxylase domain-containing protein 2; aTM, aTM, serine/threonine kinase; p-, phosphorylated; apaf-1, apoptotic peptidase activating factor 1; ParP, poly (adP-ribose) polymerase; PARP, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase; Z-VAD-FMK, benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Ala-Asp-fluoromethylketone; ROS, reactive oxygen species; COX IV, cytochrome oxidase subunit IV; E-Cadherin, Epithelial cadherin; PCNA, proliferating cell nuclear antigen; MRP2, multi-drug resistance protein 2; BCRP, breast cancer resistance protein; NKp46, NK, cell protein 46.