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. 2023 Apr 27;14:1172939. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1172939

TABLE 3.

Characteristics of included documents (Cell experiment).

Literature Cell lines Grouping and concentration Results Mechanism Difference between groups
Yang et al. (2005) LM2 cell line Solvent control: RPMI-1640 ①↑ 24 h apoptosis rate, ↑ 48 h apoptosis rate ____ p < 0.01 (5, 25 mg/mL, 24, 48 h), p < 0.05 (75 mg/mL, 24, 48 h)
Aconitine group: 5, 25, 75 mg/mL (24, 48 h)
Zeng et al. (2007) LoVo, MGC803 cell line Solvent control: RPMI-1640 ①↓ OD value ____ ①NR
Aconitine group: 10, 40, 80, 100, 200, 400, 600, 800 (10–3 g/mL) ②↑ inhibition rate ②NR
Xu et al. (2008) S180 cells were derived from Kunming mice Blank control group: RPMI-1640, cell-free ①↓ absorbance A ____ ①NR
Positive drug: 5-FU, 0.083 mg/mL ②↑ tumor inhibition rate p < 0.01
Aconitine group: 0.01, 0.1, 1.0 mg/mL
Zhu (2008) AGS, HepG2 and A549 cell line Negative control: RPMI-1640 ①↑ tumor inhibition rate ____ p < 0.05
Blank control group: normal saline, cell-free
Blank control group: 0.05% DMSO, cell-free
Positive drug: 5-FU, 100 μg/mL
Aconitine group: 0.05, 0.5, 5, 50 μg/mL
Rao and Peng (2010) Retinal nerve cells of rats were derived from SD rats and suckling rats Negative control: 5% CO2, 20% DMEM, cell-free ①↓ G0/G1 phase, ↓ S phase and ↑ G2/M phase ⑴↓ p21-Ras gene and protein expression p < 0.05
Aconitine group: 0.5%, 1 mL p = 0.036 < 0.05
Zhang and Wu (2011) SGC-7901, moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma cell line Blank control group: RPMI-1640, cell-free ①↑ tumor inhibition rate ____ p > 0.05 (20 mg/mL, 24 h), p < 0.05 (20 mg/mL, 48, 72 h), p < 0.05 (40, 80 mg/mL, 24, 48, 72 h)
Positive drug: 5-FU, 50 μg/mL ②↑ apoptosis rate p > 0.05 (40, 80 mg/mL, 24 h)
Aconitine group: 20, 40, 80 mg/mL (24, 48, 72 h)
Liu (2013) Eca-109, MGC80-3, BGC-823, A549, NCI-H460, NCI-H446, MCF-7, SK-OV-3, A375, K-562, U937, S-180 and MHCC97-H cell lines Positive drug: DDP, 0.15, 0.75, 1.5, 5, 15, 50 μg/mL ①↑ tumor inhibition rate ____ ①NR
Aconitine group: 3, 10, 30, 100, 300, 1000 μg/mL (72 h)
Ding et al. (2013) SGC-7901 cell lines Blank control group: PBS, cell-free ①↑ cell proliferation inhibition rate ____ p < 0.01 (0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8 mg/mL, 24, 48, 72 h)
Aconitine group: 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8 mg/mL (24, 48, 72 h) ②↑ apoptosis rate p < 0.05 (0.2, 0.4, 0.8 mg/mL)
③↓ G0/G1phase, ↓ G2/M phase, ↑ S phase ③NR
Ding (2014) SGC-7901 cell lines Blank control group: PBS, cell-free ①↑ inhibition rate ____ p < 0.01 (200, 400, 800 μg/mL, 24, 48, 72 h)
Aconitine group: 50, 100, 200, 400, 800 μg/mL (24, 48, 72 h) ②↓ IC50 ②NR
③↑ inhibition rate of cell invasion p < 0.01 (100, 200, 400 μg/mL)
④↑ early apoptosis rate p < 0.01 (100, 200, 400 μg/mL)
⑤↓ G0/G1 phase, ↓ G2/M phase, ↑ S phase ⑤NR
Hao (2014) SGC-7901, HepG2 and A549 cell lines Blank control group: RPMI-1640, cell-free ①↓ OD value of cell proliferation of SGC-7901 ____ p < 0.01 (5, 10, 50, 100 μg/mL), p < 0.05 (1 μg/mL)
Aconitine group: 1, 5, 10, 50, 100 μg/mL ②↓ OD value of cell proliferation of HepG2 p < 0.01 (5, 10, 50, 100 μg/mL), p < 0.05 (1 μg/mL)
③↓ OD value of cell proliferation of A549 p < 0.01
Zhao et al. (2014) Lewis lung cancer cells were derived from C57BL/6 mice Model group: RPMI-1640, cell-free ①↓ cell proliferation ____ p < 0.01
Aconitine group: 0.2、0.1、0.05、0.025 μg/mL ②↓ cell adhesion p < 0.01
③↑ SDH content p < 0.01 (0.2, 0.1 μg/mL), p < 0.05 (0.05 g/mL)
Fan et al. (2016) A549 cell lines Negative control: No drugs ①↑ apoptosis rate ⑴↑ p38 MAPK expression level p < 0.05
Aconitine group: 100, 200, 400, 800 μg/mL ②↓ ΔΨm of A549 cell ⑵↑ DRS,↑ TNF-R1 expression level ②NR
⑶↑ p53, ↑ Bax, ↓ Bcl-2 expression level p < 0.05
⑷↓ expression of Cytochrome C p < 0.05
⑸↑ cleaved caspase-9, ↓ pro-caspase-8, ↓ pro-caspase-3 expression level p < 0.05
p < 0.05
p < 0.05
Guan et al. (2015) K562 cell lines Blank control group: RPMI-1640, cell-free ①↑ cell proliferation inhibition rate ____ p < 0.05 (25, 50 mg/L, 24 h)
Solvent control: PBS ②↓ number of G1 cells, ↑ number of S cells p < 0.05 (25, 50 mg/L, 72 h)
Aconitine group: 5, 10, 25, 50, 75, 100 mg/L (24, 48, 72 h) ③↑ 72 h apoptosis rate p < 0.05 (25, 50 mg/L, 72 h)
Ji et al. (2016) Pancreatic cancer cell lines miapaca-2 and PANC-1 Negative control: No drugs ①↑ tumor inhibition rate ⑴↓ NF-κB, ↑ Bax, ↓ Bcl-2, ↑ cleaved caspase-9,↑ cleaved caspase-3, ↑ cleaved PARP, ↑ cyto.C protein level p < 0.01 (30 μM)
Aconitine group: 10, 20, 40, 80 μM (24h, 48, 72 h) ②↓ cell colony forming number ⑵↑ caspase-3, → caspase-8, ↑ caspase-9 relative activity p < 0.05 (15, 30 μM), p < 0.01 (60 μM)
③↑ apoptosis rate p < 0.05 (30, 60 μM)
p < 0.0.5 (15, 30, 60 μM)
p < 0.05 (15, 30, 60 μM)
Guan et al. (2017) K562, K562 daunorubicin resistant cell lines Blank control group: RPMI-1640, cell-free ①↑ K562 cell proliferation inhibition rate ⑴↓ C/EBP-α, ↑ caspase-3, ↑ p53 gene expression p < 0.05 (10, 25, 50, 75, 100 μmol/L, 24, 48, 72 h)
Solvent control: PBS ②↑ K562/DNR cell proliferation inhibition rate p < 0.05 (10, 25, 50, 75, 100 μmol/L, 24, 48, 72 h)
Aconitine group: 5, 10, 25, 50, 75, 100 μmol/L (24, 48, 72 h) ③↑ K562, K562/DNR apoptosis rate p < 0.05 (25, 50 μmol/L, 72 h)
p < 0.05 (50 μmol/L, C/EBP-α, Caspase-3, p53)
Ma (2017) Mouse Lewis lung cancer cells (LLC) Blank control group: DMEM, cell-free ①↓ LLC cell malignant proliferation fluorescence ⑴↓ Oct-4, ↓ NANOG, ↓ PCNA expression level p < 0.05
Aconitine group: 0.1, 1, 10, 100, 1000 μg/mL (72 h) ②↓ LLC cell erosion ability ⑵↑ EGF, ↑ FGF, ↑ HGF, ↑ OSM, ↑ β-actin expression p < 0.05
③↓ Cell self-renewal ability p < 0.05
p < 0.01
p < 0.05
Ma and Yu (2018) Peripheral blood B lymphocytes of multiple myeloma (RPMI8226) Blank control group: RPMI-1640, cell-free ①↑ cell proliferation inhibition rate ____ p < 0.05 (4, 6, 8 μmol, 12, 24, 36, 48 h)
Negative control: PBS and absolute ethanol ②↑ apoptosis rate p < 0.05 (4, 8 μmol, 24, 48 h)
Aconitine group: 0.1, 0.5, 1, 10, 100 μmol/mL (24, 48 h)
Qi et al. (2018) HepG2, Huh7 and L02 cells Negative control: No drugs ①↓ cell viability ⑴↑ Bax, ↓ Bcl-2, ↑ cleaved caspases-3, ↑ cleaved caspases-7, ↑ cleaved caspases-PARP, → GAPDH protein expression p < 0.05 (6.25, 12.5 μg/mL, 24 h), p < 0.01 (6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100 μg/mL, 48,72 h)
Aconitine group: 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100 μg/mL (24, 48, 72 h) ②↑ apoptosis rate ⑵↑ cytochrome c/tublin, ↓ cytochrome c/Cox IV content p < 0.01 (25, 50 μg/mL)
③↑ ROS content p < 0.01 (25, 50 μg/mL)
p < 0.01 (50 μg/mL), p < 0.05 (25 μg/mL)
p < 0.01 (25, 50 μg/mL)
Wu et al. (2018) human colon cancer cell line LS174T, Caco-2  Blank control group: DMSO ①↓ accumulation of CDF ⑴↑ MRP2, ↑ BCRP protein level p < 0.01
Aconitine group: 5, 10, 20 μM (6,12 h) ⑵↑ MRP2, ↑ BCRP expression rate p < 0.001 (Jejunum, Ileum, Colon)
⑶↑ MRP2/GAPDH, ↑ BCRP/GAPDH expression rate p < 0.01 (Colon), p < 0.05 (Jejunum, Ileum)
⑷↑ MRP2, BCRP immunofluorescence rate p < 0.01 (5, 10, 20 μM)
p < 0.05 (20 μM)
Xiong et al. (2018) Human hepatoma cell line MHCC97 Blank control group: DMEM, cell-freeAconitine group: 5, 10, 20 μg/mL (96 h) ①↓ proliferation number of hepatoma cells ⑴↓ pP38, ↓ P38, ↓ p-MAPKAPK, ↓ p-HSP27 signal pathway expression p < 0.05 (10, 20 μg/mL)
②↓ invasiveness of hepatoma cells p < 0.05 (10, 20 μg/mL)
③↓ migration ability of hepatoma cells p < 0.05 (5, 10, 20 μg/mL)
p < 0.05 (5, 10, 20 μg/mL)
Zhang et al. (2018) H9c2 cell lines Blank control group: DMSO, cell-free ①↑ inhibition rate to H9c2 ____ p < 0.05
Aconitine group: 150, 250, 400, 500, 1000 μg/mL (24 h) ②↑ LDH leakage rate p < 0.05 (100, 400, 500 μg/mL)
③↑ apoptosis rate p < 0.05 (400, 500 μg/mL)
Shao et al. (2019) A549 cell lines Blank control group: RPMI-1640, cell-free ①↑ cell proliferation inhibition rate ⑴↓ Bcl-2, ↑ Bax, ↑ caspase-3, ↑ Beclin1, ↑ LC3, ↓ P62 mRNA expression level p < 0.05 (100,200 μmol/L), p < 0.01 (400 μmol/L)
Aconitine group: 10, 50, 100, 200, 400 μmol/mL (24,48,72 h) ②↑ 48 h apoptosis rate ⑵↓ Bcl-2, ↑ Bax, ↑ active caspase-3, ↑ Beclin1, ↑ LC3 II/I, ↑ P-62 protein expression level p < 0.01 (200, 400 μmol/L)
p < 0.05 (Beclin1, LC3 II/I, P-62, 400 μmol/L), p < 0.01 (Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase-3, 400 μmol/L)
p < 0.05 (Bcl-2, Bax, 400 μmol/L), p < 0.01 (Active caspase-3, Beclin1, LC3 II/I, P-62, 400 μmol/L)
Zhou et al. (2019) Human esophageal carcinoma EC-1 cells Blank control group: DMEM, cell-free ①↑ tumor inhibition rate ⑴↓ MMP-9, ↓ Bcl-2 protein expression level p < 0.05
Negative control: No drugs ②↓ cell clonogenic ability p < 0.05, F = 127.59 (6.25, 12.5 μg/mL)
Aconitine group: 0.8, 1.6, 3.2, 6.25, 12.5, 25.0 μg/mL (24,48,72 h) ③↓ cell invasiveness p < 0.05, F = 204.34 (6.25, 12.5 μg/mL)
④↑ apoptosis index p < 0.05, F = 428.56 (6.25, 12.5 μg/mL)
p < 0.01 (6.25, 12.5 μg/mL)
Cheng et al. (2020) Mouse peripheral blood mononuclear cells were from 615 mice (SPF grade) Negative control: RPMI-1640, cell-free ①↓ PGE2 content in monocytes of 615 mice ____ p < 0.05 (2 mg/mL)
Positive drug: Celecoxib, 2.5 μg/mL ②↓ percentage of Tregs differentiated from monocytes in 615 mice p < 0.05 (0.5 mg/mL), p < 0.01 (0.1, 2 mg/mL)
Aconitine group: 0.1, 0.5, 2 mg/mL
Jia and Zhang (2011) Human gastric adenocarcinoma SGC-7901 cell line was derived from SD rats Control group: normal saline ①↓ SGC-7901 cell proliferation ____ p < 0.05
Positive drug: 5-FU, 250 mg/L
Aconitine group: 1:1000 (24,48,72 h)
Ru et al. (2020) Gastric adenocarcinoma cell line MGC803 Solvent control: DMEM, cell-free ①↓ proliferation of gastric adenocarcinoma cells ⑴↑ miR-23a expression, ↑ IRF1 gene expression level p < 0.05
Negative control: No drugs ②↓ cell colony forming ability p < 0.05 (40 μg/mL)
Aconitine group: 5, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 μg/mL (24,48,72 h) ③↑ apoptosis index p < 0.05 (40 μg/mL)
p < 0.05 (40 μg/mL, miR-23a), p < 0.01 (40 μg/mL, IRF1)
Wang (2020) Human hepatoma cell lines Huh-7, MHCC-97h, MHCC -lm3, BEL-7402, Hep-G2, Hep -3B, SMMC-7721 Blank control group: DMEM+10% FBS, cell-free ①↓ OD value of hepatoma cells (48, 72 h) ____ p < 0.05
Negative control: No drugs ②↑ apoptosis rate of hepatocellular carcinoma cells p < 0.01 (high dose)
Aconitine group: 250, 500, 1000, 2000, 4,000, 8,000 μg/mL (24,48,72 h) ③↓ migration ability of hepatoma cells ③NR
Wang et al. (2020) Human oVca cell lines, a2780 and normal ovarian cell ioSe80 Negative control: No drugs ①↓ cell viability ⑴↑ ERβ, ↓ VEFG expression level p < 0.01 (50, 100, 200, 400, 800, 1000 μg/mL, 24 h)
Positive drug: DDP, 1, 5, 25, 50, 100 μg/mL ②↓ cell colony forming number, ↓ cell invasiveness, ↓ cell migration ability ⑵↓ HiF-α, ↑ PHd2, ↓ MMP2, ↓ MMP9, ↓ aTM, ↓ p-aTM, ↑ p53 expression level p < 0.01 (100, 200, 400 μg/mL), p < 0.01 (25, 50, 100 μg/mL), p < 0.01 (100 μg/mL)
Aconitine group: 10, 50, 100, 200, 400, 800, 1000 μg/mL (6,12,24 h) ③↑ ΔΨm ⑶↑ Bax, ↓ Bcl-2, ↑ apaf-1, ↑ cleaved caspase-3, ↑ cleaved caspase-9, ↓ Bcl-xl, ↑ Cyt C, ↑ cleaved ParP protein expression level p < 0.01 (400 μg/mL), p < 0.05 (100, 200 μg/mL)
④↑ apoptosis rate p < 0.05 (100, 200, 400 μg/mL)
p < 0.05 (100 μg/mL), p < 0.01 (200, 400 μg/mL)
p < 0.01 (200, 400 μg/mL)
p < 0.01 (200, 400 μg/mL)
Zhang et al. (2020) A549 human lung cancer cell line Negative control: No drugs ①↑ A549 cell proliferation inhibition rate ____ p < 0.01
Positive drug: DDP, 0.5, 1, 5, 4, 6 μg/mL ②A549 cell growth curve ②NR
Aconitine group: 300, 600, 900, 1200, 1500 μg/mL (24,48,72 h)
Zou et al. (2021) Human osteosarcoma 143B cells Negative control: No drugs ①↓ cell viability ⑴↑ caspase-3, ↑caspase-9 p < 0.05
Aconitine group: 3.125, 6.25, 12.5, 25.00, 50.00 μg/mL (12,24,36 h) ②↑ ROS positive rate p < 0.05 (3 μmol/L)
③↑ Gray scale ratio (p-JNK/β- actin) p < 0.05 (3 μmol/L)
④↑ apoptosis rate p < 0.05 (3 μmol/L)
⑤caspase mediated apoptosis ⑤NR
p < 0.05 (3 μmol/L)
Cai (2022) Prostate cancer cell DU145 Negative control: No drugs ①↓ cell proliferation and survival rate ⑴↑ Bax, ↓ Bcl-2, ↓ p-JAK2, → JAK2, → p-STAT3, → STAT3 protein level p < 0.05 (10,20 μg/mL)
Aconitine group: 5, 10, 20 μg/mL (48 h) ②↓ number of cell invasion p = 0.000 < 0.05, t = 13.702
③↑ apoptosis rate p = 0.000 < 0.05, t = 29.336
p < 0.05 (Bax, Bcl-2), p < 0.05 (p-JAK2, p-STAT3), p > 0.05 (JAK2, STAT3)
Luan et al. (2022) MCF-7, MCF-7/ADR, NIH3T3 cell line Positive drug: DOX, etoposide, 0.2 mL ①↑ anti-increment activity ____ p < 0.05
Aconitine group: 5, 10, 15 μM (48 h) ②↑ G0/G1 phase, ↓ S phase ②NR

Note, NR, not report; ↑, Upregulated expression, rising and increasing; ↓, Downregulated expression, decreased; →, Unchanged; DDP, cisplatin; 5-Fu, 5-Fluorouracil; DOX, doxorubicin; SDH, succinate dehydrogenase; ΔΨm, Mitochondrial membrane potential; p38MAPK, P38 mitogen activated protein kinase; TNF-R1, tumor necrosis factor-R1; Bax, Bcl-2-associated X protein; Bcl-2, B cell lymphoma 2; Cyt C, Cytochrome C; C/EBPα, regulatory transcription factors; EGF, epidermal growth factor; FGF, fibroblast growth factor; HGF, hepatocyte growth factor; OSM, oncostatin-M; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; Beclin1, Autophagy effector protein 1; MMP, matrix metalloproteinase; PGE2, Prostaglandin e2; IRF1, Interferon regulatory factor 1; Erβ, estrogen receptor β; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor A; HiF-α, hypoxia-inducible factor; PHd2, prolyl hydroxylase domain-containing protein 2; aTM, aTM, serine/threonine kinase; p-, phosphorylated; apaf-1, apoptotic peptidase activating factor 1; ParP, poly (adP-ribose) polymerase; PARP, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase; Z-VAD-FMK, benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Ala-Asp-fluoromethylketone; ROS, reactive oxygen species; COX IV, cytochrome oxidase subunit IV; E-Cadherin, Epithelial cadherin; PCNA, proliferating cell nuclear antigen; MRP2, multi-drug resistance protein 2; BCRP, breast cancer resistance protein; NKp46, NK, cell protein 46.