Figure 4.

Schematic of the experimental procedure. 1) Double emulsion droplets (DEDs) are collected, conjugated first with streptavidin, and then with MHC‐antigen complex and surface ligands for T cell activation. The functionalized DEDs are named aAPC‐shells. The aAPC‐shells are converted into aAPC‐BLMs in 1× PBS or are broken into oil drops in 2× PBS + 50% Glycerol. aAPC‐shells, oil drops, and other control groups are used to compare with aAPC‐BLMs. 2) aAPC‐BLMs are incubated with PBMC for 5 days. During the incubation, aAPC‐BLMs interact with the T cells in PBMC and activate them. 3) The number of NYESO+ CD8 and CD4 T cells are quantified by flow cytometry and the cytokines (TNFα, IFNγ, IL‐10, and IL‐2) secreted by the cells are analyzed by ELISA.