Table 3.
Venous and arterial vascular contact on preoperative imaging versus IOUS
| (1) Portal vein/superior mesenteric vein | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PV/SMV contact on IOUS | Total | p value | |||||
| No contact | 1–180° | > 180° | Unreconstructible | ||||
| PV/SMV contact on preoperative imaging | No contact | 10 (77%) | 3 (23%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 13 (100%) | 0.065 |
| 1–180° | 11 (19%) | 45 (76%) | 2 (3) | 1 (2) | 59 (100%) | ||
| > 180° | 0 (0%) | 5 (50%) | 3 (30%) | 2 (20%) | 10 (100%) | ||
| Unreconstructible | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (100%) | 1 (100%) | ||
| Total | 21 (25%) | 53 (64%) | 5 (6%) | 4 (5%) | 83 (100%) | ||
| (2) Arterial, classified per artery | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arterial contact on IOUS | Total | p value | ||||
| No contact | 1–180° | > 180° | ||||
| SMA contact on preoperative imaging | No contact | 56 (98%) | 1 (2) | 0 (0%) | 57 (100%) | < 0.001 |
| 1–180° | 17 (77%) | 5 (23%) | 0 (0%) | 22 (100%) | ||
| > 180° | 3 (50%) | 1 (17%) | 2 (33%) | 6 (100%) | ||
| Total | 76 (90%) | 7 (8%) | 2 (2%) | 85 (100%) | ||
| CA contact on preoperative imaging | No contact | 68 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 68 (100%) | 0.004 |
| 1–180° | 9 (82%) | 2 (18%) | 0 (0%) | 11 (100%) | ||
| > 180° | 2 (67%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (33%) | 3 (100%) | ||
| Total | 79 (96%) | 2 (3%) | 1 (1%) | 82 (100%) | ||
| CHA contact on preoperative imaging | No contact | 65 (98%) | 1 (2%) | 0 (0%) | 66 (100%) | < 0.001 |
| 1–180° | 7 (78%) | 2 (22%) | 0 (0%) | 9 (100%) | ||
| > 180° | 3 (33%) | 2 (22%) | 4 (45%) | 9 (100%) | ||
| Total | 75 (89%) | 5 (6%) | 4 (5%) | 84 (100%) | ||
Categorization of extent of vascular involvement is based on the resectability criteria. The italic cells indicate the patients in which the amount of vascular involvement as assessed on preoperative imaging was the same as on IOUS
IOUS Intraoperative ultrasound, PV/SMV Portal vein/superior mesenteric vein, SMA Superior mesenteric artery, CA Celiac axis, CHA Common hepatic artery