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. 2023 May 11;13:7652. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-34821-5

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© The Author(s) 2023

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Scheme showing the arrangement of the Fe/S clusters in the electron input module of E. coli complex I. The relative positions of clusters N1a (NuoE), N3 (NuoF) and N1b, N4 and N5 (all NuoG) are shown. The arrows indicated possible electron transfer pathways. The edge-to-edge distances between the clusters in Å are indicated on the respective arrows. The lack of N1b can be bypassed by direct electron transfer from N3 to N4 (red; nomenclature according to⁵⁹).