TABLE 2.
Overview of the included and excluded multiple sclerosis treatments.
| Trade name | Active substance | Authorized (EMA) | Type of treatment |
|---|---|---|---|
| Betaferon | Interferon beta‐1b | 1995 | DMT |
| Avonex | Interferon beta‐1a | 1997 | DMT |
| Rebif | Interferon beta‐1a | 1998 | DMT |
| Novantrone/Eslep | Mitoxantrone | 1998 | DMT |
| Copaxone | Glatiramer acetate | 2004 | DMT |
| Tysabri | Natalizumab | 2006 | DMT |
| Extavia | Interferon beta‐1b | 2008 | DMT |
| Gilenya | Fingolimod | 2011 | DMT |
| Sativex | Cannabidiol/delta‐9‐tetrahydrocannabinol | 2011 | Symptomatic |
| Fampyra | Fampridine | 2011 | Symptomatic |
| Lemtrada | Alemtuzumab | 2013 | DMT |
| Aubagio | Teriflunomide | 2013 | DMT |
| Tecfidera | Dimethyl fumarate | 2014 | DMT |
| Plegridy | Peginterferon beta 1‐a | 2014 | DMT |
| Mavenclad | Cladribine | 2017 | DMT |
| Ocrevus | Ocrelizumab | 2018 | DMT |
| Zinbryta | Daclizumab | 2018 | DMT |
| Mayzent | Siponimod | 2020 | DMT |
| Zeposia | Ozanimod | 2020 | DMT |
| Kesimpta | Ofatumumab | 2021? | DMT |
| Rituxan + generics | Rituximab | Not for MS | DMT |
Note: Active substances in bold type were included, the substances in light gray were excluded as they have been withdrawn from the market (daclizumab) or were not assessed by most health technology assessment organizations (all other).
Abbreviations: DMT, disease‐modifying treatment; EMA, European Medicines Agency; MS multiple sclerosis.