Skip to main content
. 2023 Apr 27;14:1119196. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1119196

Table 2.

Descriptive statistics for all outcome measure in the VPT and FT control groups.

VPT (N = 93) FT controls (N = 55) T Cohen’s d 95%CI
Mean (SD) Range Mean (SD) Range
WISC-IV FSIQ 103.74(14.59) (68–137) 111.2(12.89) (81–141) t(125) = 3.22** 0.53 [2.9; 12.1]
VC 105.36(13.3) (75–132) 108.31(13.8) (83–140) t(110) = 1.27 0.22 [−1.66; 7.55]
PR 103(17.4) (10–135) 111.8(15.84) (67–143) t(122) = 2.95* 0.49 [2.72; 13.84]
PS 99.42(14.86) (68–136) 107.96(14.41) (70–131) t(120) = 3.43*** 0.58 [3.61; 13.48]
WM 98.65(15.81) (50–141) 104.96(12.3) (71–135) t(135) = 2.7* 0.43 [1.69; 10.93]
SRS-2 59.47(14.04) (39–90) 49.44(8.62) (38–79) t(138) = −5.25*** −0.82 [−13.8; −6.3]
SCI 54.82(11.39) (39–90) 47.61(8.08) (36–81) t(136) = −4.38*** −0.7 [−10.45;-3.95]
RRB 53.85(11.41) (41–90) 47.26(6.57) (38–78) t(138) = −4.35*** −0.67 [−9.59; −3.59]
SDQ 11.47(5.34) (1–26) 9.05(4.44) (0–25) t(130) = −2.93** −0.48 [−4.0; −0.8]
Emo 2.33(2.24) (0–9) 1.67(1.77) (0–9) t(133) = −1.96 −0.32 [−1.33; 0.01]
Cond 1.73(1.84) (0–9) 1.14(1.37) (0–5) t(137) = −2.18* −0.35 [−1.11; −0.05]
Peer Rel 3.16(1.66) (0–8) 2.53(1.33) (0–6) t(132) = −2.55* −0.42 [−1.14; −0.14]
HyperA 4.23(1.93) (0–8) 3.7(1.94) (0–8) t(114) = −1.49 −0.27 [−1.18; 0.13]
ProSoc 8.42(1.92) (1–10) 8.8(1.7) (0–10) t(125) = 1.21 0.2 [−0.24; 0.98]
BRIEF-2 105.16(25.0) (60–178) 92.58(20.16) (66–158) t(128) = −3.26** −0.54 [−20.21; −4.94]
Beh 20.46(5.73) (12–35) 17.19(4.97) (12–34) t(121) = −3.56** −0.6 [−5.09; −1.45]
Emo 25.94(7.97) (16–48) 23.15(6.22) (16–43) t(129) = −2.31* −0.38 [−5.18; −0.4]
Cog 58.76(14.45) (32–95) 52.24(12.1) (35–81) t(125) = −2.87* −0.48 [−11; −2]
TMCQ 2.95(0.23) (2.3–3.7) 2.92(0.18) (2.4–3.2) t(135) = −0.83 −0.13 [−0.08; 0.04]
NegA 2.4(0.65) (1.1–4.1) 2.17(0.55) (1.2–3.4) t(128) = −2.34* −0.39 [−0.44; −0.04]
EffC 3.28(0.45) (2.2–4.4) 3.52(0.4) (2.6–4.7) t(127) = 3.45** 0.57 [0.11;0.4]
Surg 3.17(0.47) (1.9–4.1) 3.08(0.45) (1.8–4.1) t(119) = −1.23 −0.21 [−0.25;0.06]

WISC, Wechsler intelligence scale for children; FSIQ, full scale IQ; VC, verbal comprehension; PR, perceptual reasoning; PS, processing speed; WM, working memory; SRS-2, social responsiveness scale; SCI, social communication and interaction; RRB, rigid and repetitive behaviors; SDQ, strengths and difficulties questionnaire; Emo, emotional difficulties; Cond, conduct problems; Peer Rel, peer relationship difficulties; HyperA, hyperactivity; ProSoc, prosocial behaviors; Int, initiating behaviors; Ext, externalizing behaviors; BRIEF-2, behavior rating inventory of executive functioning, second edition; Beh, behavioral difficulties; Emo, emotional difficulties: Cog, cognitive difficulties; TMCQ, temperament in middle children questionnaire; NA, negative affectivity; EC, effortful control; SU, surgency.

* = p < 0.05; ** = p < 0.01; *** = p < 0.001.