| Author(s) |
Diagnosis |
| Almirol et al., 2016 [11] |
Lower extremity stress fractures |
| Aspenberg et al., 2010 [12] |
Dorsally dislocated distal radial fracture |
| Baillieul et al., 2016 [13] |
Bilateral sacral stress fracture complicated by delayed union |
| Bhandari et al., 2016 [14] |
Femoral neck fracture |
| Bednar et al., 2016 [15] |
Type 3 odontoid process fracture nonunion |
| Coppola et al., 2015 [2] |
Lower limb nonunion |
| Chintamaneni et al., 2010 [16] |
Sternal nonunion |
| Fukuda et al., 2014 [17] |
Delayed union of atypical subtrochanteric fracture |
| Gende et al., 2020 [18] |
Delayed union of ischioacetabular stress fracture |
| Gianotti et al., 2013 [19] |
Distal femur metaphysis fracture - atrophic nonunion |
| Huang et al., 2015 [20] |
Unstable per trochanteric fractures |
| Ismailidis et al., 2021 [21] |
a) atypical femoral fracture, b) left clavicle fracture, c) periprosthetic humeral fracture, d) open femoral fracture + closed tibial and fibular fractures, e) bilateral open tibial and fibular fractures |
| Kastirr et al., 2018 [22] |
Pilon tibial fracture nonunion (n = 16), distal crurale fracture nonunion (n = 2), femoral fracture nonunion (n = 8), metatarsal fracture nonunion (n = 1), distal humerus fracture nonunion (n = 1), olecranon fracture nonunion (n = 1), distal radius fracture nonunion (n = 1) |
| Kastirr et al., 2016 [23] |
Aseptic delayed union of a distal lower leg fracture |
| Kim et al., 2018 [24] |
Unstable intertrochanteric femoral fractures and osteoporosis |
| Kim et al., 2019 [25] |
Unstable intertrochanteric femoral fractures and osteoporosis |
| Lee et al., 2012 [26] |
Femur neck and shaft fractures - oligotrophic/ atrophic nonunions |
| Mancilla et al., [27] |
Femoral and tibial shaft - atrophic nonunion |
| Matsumoto et al., 2014 [28] |
Delayed union of lumbar vertebral fracture with diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis |
| Mitani et al., 2013 [29] |
Femur neck fracture - atrophic nonunion |
| Nozaka et al., 2014 [30] |
Femoral fracture shaft nonunion |
| Ochi et al., 2013 [31] |
Periprosthetic fracture - atrophic nonunion |
| Oteo-Alvaro et al., 2010 [32] |
Atrophic humeral shaft non union |
| Pola et al., 2017 [33] |
Type 2 dens nonunion fractures |
| Raghavan et al., 2012 [34] |
Metatarsal stress fractures |
| Rubery et al., 2010 [35] |
Type 3 odontoid fractures non union |
| Saraf et al., 2017 [36] |
Delayed unions, periprosthetic and osteoporotic fractures. |
| Tachiiri et al., 2014 [37] |
Delayed union of fracture of right foot |
| Tamai et al., 2013 [38] |
Nonunion of ankle fusion site, type 1 diabetes, severe osteoporosis, femoral shaft fracture |
| Tsai et al., 2019 [39] |
Femur shaft fracture - atrophic nonunion |
| Wu et al., 2012 [40] |
Sacral and pubic insufficiency fractures |
| Xiaofeng et al., 2017 [41] |
Tibial and Femoral fracture - hypertrophic nonunion |
| Yu et al., 2017 [1] |
Femoral shaft fracture - hypertrophic nonunion |
