Table 2.
Mean gender differences.
| Total (N = 10,525) |
Men (n = 1741) |
Women (n = 8784) |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M (SD) | M (SD) | M (SD) | U Mann–Whitney Comparison of Mean |
p-Value | df | Cohen d | 95% CI | |||
| Sensory-processing sensitivity (HSPS-S) | ||||||||||
| Total SPS | 154.35 (22.56) | 146.90 (24.16) | 155.82 (21.93) | 5,767,688 | 0.000 *** | 8.917 | −0.39 s | 153.91 to 154.78 | ||
| SOS | 52.16 (8.91) | 50.29 (9.60) | 52.53 (8.72) | 6,522,625 | 0.000 *** | 2.239 | −0.24 s | 51.99 to 52.33 | ||
| AES | 35.55 (5.39) | 34.55 (5.75) | 35.75 (5.29) | 6,628,438 | 0.000 *** | 1.201 | −0.22 s | 35.45 to 35.66 | ||
| LST | 28.38 (5.85) | 25.84 (6.49) | 28.89 (5.57) | 5,339,923 | 0.000 *** | 3.042 | −0.50 s | 28.27 to 28.49 | ||
| FPD | 20.49 (4.56) | 18.98 (4.94) | 20.79 (4.42) | 6,007,838.50 | 0.000 *** | 1.810 | −0.38 s | 20.40 to 20.58 | ||
| HA | 17.76 (2.97) | 17.24 (3.15) | 17.86 (2.92) | 6,678,179.50 | 0.000 *** | 0.625 | −0.20 s | 17.70 to 17.82 | ||
| Personality traits (NEO-FFI) | ||||||||||
| N | 26.19 (5.60) | 25.18 (6.33) | 26.38 (5.91) | 6,790,741 | 0.000 *** | 1.200 | −0.20 s | 26.09 to 26.30 | ||
| E | 23.58 (6.68) | 23.27 (7.02) | 23.65 (6.61) | 7,414,177 | 0.016 * | 0.380 | −0.06 s | 23.46 to 23.71 | ||
| C | 30.20 (6.63) | 29.01 (6.88) | 30.44 (6.55) | 6,747,961.50 | 0.000 *** | 1.422 | −0.21 s | 30.07 to 30.33 | ||
| Coping strategies (CSI) | ||||||||||
| PS | 12.72 (4.12) | 12.58 (4.36) | 12.75 (4.07) | 7,535,438 | 0.337 | 0.171 | −0.04 s | 12.64 to 12.80 | ||
| SC | 12.03 (5.01) | 11.91 (4.89) | 12.06 (5.03) | 7,502,218.50 | 0.212 | 0.153 | −0.03 s | 11.94 to 12.13 | ||
| EE | 10.64 (4.75) | 8.86 (4.60) | 11.00 (4.70) | 5,638,580.50 | 0.000 *** | 2.139 | −0.46 s | 10.55 to 10.73 | ||
| WT | 13.40 (4.91) | 12.54 (4.98) | 13.57 (4.88) | 6,723,761.50 | 0.000 *** | 1.029 | −0.21 s | 13.30 to 1.302 | ||
| SS | 9.69 (3.89) | 8.85 (4.67) | 9.86 (4.91) | 6,770,217 | 0.000 *** | 1.003 | −0.21 s | 9.60 to 9.78 | ||
| CR | 11.12 (3.90) | 11.08 (3.88) | 11.13 (3.90) | 7,616,698.50 | 0.797 | 0.053 | −0.01 s | 11.05 to 11.20 | ||
| PA | 5.30 (3.58) | 5.84 (3.68) | 5.20 (3.55) | 84,447,475 | 0.000 *** | −0.643 | 0.18 s | 5.23 to 5.37 | ||
| SW | 9.04 (4.38) | 9.98 (4.51) | 8.87 (4.33) | 8,750,097 | 0.000 *** | −1.114 | 0.25 s | 8.97 to 9.14 | ||
| Short Form Health Survey (SF36) | ||||||||||
| MH | 49.98 (16.72) | 51.63 (17.94) | 49.65 (16.45) | 8,092,909.50 | 0.000 *** | −1.978 | 0.11 s | 49.66 to 50.30 | ||
| V | 47.34 (17.91) | 50.99 (18.83) | 46.61 (17.64) | 8,658,266 | 0.000 *** | −4.377 | 0.24 s | 46.99 to 47.68 | ||
| ERF | 61.47 (21.22) | 64.01 (21.20) | 60.96 (21.20) | 8,096,128.50 | 0.000 *** | −3.052 | 0.14 s | 61.06 to 61.87 | ||
*** p ≤ 0.001, * p ≤ 0.05. Cohen d effect size: s = small magnitude ratio: <0.30. Total SPS = Total HSPS-S; SOS = Sensitivity to overstimulation; AES = Aesthetic sensitivity; LST = Low sensory threshold; FPD = Fine psychophysiological discrimination; HA = Harm avoidance; N = Neuroticism; E = Extraversion; C = Conscientiousness; PS = Problem solving; SC = Self-criticism; EE = Emotional expression; WT = Wishful thinking; SS = Social support; CR = Cognitive restructuring; PA = Problem avoidance; SW = Social withdrawal; MH = Mental health; V = Vitality; ERF = Emotional role functioning.