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The “strong opioids” commonly used to treat moderate to severe pain.
| Ligands | Opioid Receptors | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| (Opioid Agonists) | MOR | DOR | KOR |
| Etorphine | +++ | +++ | +++ |
| Fentanyl | +++ | ||
| Hydromorphone | +++ | ||
| Levorphanol | +++ | ||
| Methadone | +++ | ||
| Morphine | +++ | ||
| Sufentanil | +++ | ||
| DAMGO | +++ | ||
| Bremazocine | + | +++ | |
| Buprenorphine | P | ||
| Butorphanol | P | +++ | |
| Nalbuphine. | - - | ++ | |
| [D-Pen2,D-Pen5]-Enkephalin (DPDPE) | +++ | ||
| U50,488 | ++ | ||
P, partial agonist; +, major affinity; -, minor affinity.
