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. 2023 Apr 23;24(9):7721. doi: 10.3390/ijms24097721

Figure 1.

Figure 1

The PPARδ agonist GW501516 and antagonist GSK0660 administered alone or in combination to HBF cultures had a negligible effect on cell viability and proliferation. HBF populations (n = 7, all in duplicate) were exposed to increasing concentrations (0–25 µM) of GW501516 and GSK0660 administered alone or in combination (0–10 µM) for four days. (A) The viability of HBFs was determined using an FDA+/EtBr- assay. (B) The proliferation rates were determined using a crystal violet assay, and the absorbances were measured spectrophotometrically (λ = 540 nm). The results are expressed as a percentage of the control and presented as the mean ± SEM. Statistical significance was tested using the nonparametric Kruskal–Wallis test with Dunn’s multiple comparisons post hoc test; * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001. The red box indicates the concentration used for further analyses (10 µM).