Table 7.

Essential oils showing no appetite-related effects in animal models.

No.	Essential Oil	Major Compounds	Route of Administration	Dose	Duration	Species	Mechanism	References
1	Ocimum sanctum L. essential oil	Eugenol Methyl eugenol	Mix with diet	80 µL/kg bw/day	3 weeks	Wistar rats	n/a	[43]
2	Hyptis martiusii Benth. essential oil	1,8-Cineole δ-3-Carene	Oral	100, 500 mg/kg	30 days	Swiss mice	n/a	[47]
3	Citronella essential oil	R-Citronellal Neryl acetate	Inhalation	100× dilution in water		Sprague Dawley rats	n/a	[48]
4	Minthostachys verticillata essential oil	Pulegone Menthone	Mix with diet	1, 4, 7 g/kg feed	90 days	Wistar rats	n/a	[49]
5	Satureja khuzistanica essential oil	Carvacrol p-Cymene	Mix with water	200, 300, 400, and 500 mg/L in water	42 days	Arian broiler chicks	n/a	[50]
6	Aquilaria crassna essential oil	n/a	Oral	100, 500 mg/kg	28 days	Swiss mice	n/a	[51]
7	Ginger essential oil	Geranial Neral	Inhalation	4.5 × 10−4 mg/cage	1h	ddY mice	n/a	[53]
8	Geranium essential oil	n/a	Inhalation	4.5 × 10−3 mg/cage	1h	ddY mice	n/a	[54]
9	Pennyroyal essential oil	Pulegone 3,3′-dimenthol	Mix with diet	200, 300, and 400 ppm	35 days	Japanese quail	n/a	[59]
10	Savory essential oil	Thymol 4,4′-diapophytoene	Mix with diet	200, 300, and 400 ppm	35 days	Japanese quail	n/a	[59]
11	Lavender essential oil	Linalool 1,8-Cineole (Eucalyptol) Camphor	Oral	2000 mg/kg	21 days	Swiss albino mice	n/a	[64]
12	Eupatorium buniifolium essential oil	α-pinene (E)-β-guaiene	Oral	300, 3000, 6000 ppm	12 days	Apis mellifera bees	n/a	[68]
13	Carvacrol essential oil from Lippia graveolens	Carvacrol p-Cymene	Mix with diet	1% (w/w) of diet	9~12 days	Apis mellifera bees	n/a	[70]
14	Sesquiterpenes essential oil from Lippia graveolens	β-Caryophyllene α-Humulene	Mix with diet	1% (w/w) of diet	9~12 days	Apis mellifera bees	n/a	[70]
15	Thymol essential oil from Lippia graveolens	Thymol β-Caryophyllene	Mix with diet	1% (w/w) of diet	9~12 days	Apis mellifera bees	n/a	[70]
16	Lavender essential oil	Linalool 1,8-Cineole (Eucalyptol) Camphor	Mix with diet	250 mg/kg diet	14 weeks	Lohmann LSL-Lite laying hens	n/a	[73]
17	Mentha spicata essential oil	Carvone Limonene	Mix with diet	250 mg/kg diet	14 weeks	Lohmann LSL-Lite laying hens	n/a	[73]
18	Linalool essential oil from Thymus vulgaris	Linalool Carvacrol	Mixed in aquarium	100 mg/L	n/a	Colossoma macropomum	n/a	[75]
19	Thymol essential oil from Thymus vulgaris	Thymol p-Cymene	Mixed in aquarium	50 mg/L	n/a	Colossoma macropomum	n/a	[75]

bw: body weight; n/a: not applicable.