Table 2.
Association of bacterial abundance and membrane TLR signalling.
| Exogenous Ligands (Responsible for the Recognition) | Toll-like Receptor | Intracellular Adaptor Proteins | Signalling Pathways |
|---|---|---|---|
| Peptidoglycan (PGN) (G+) Glycolipid LAM (Mycoplasma) Peptideo PSMs (Staphylococcus) |
2 | myD88 | Inflammatory cytokines |
| O-LPS (G-) Lipoteichoic acid (G+) |
4 | TIRAP → myD88 or TRAM | Inflammatory cytokines or Inflammatory cytokines IFN |
| Flagelin (Treponema) | 5 | myD88 | Inflammatory cytokines |
| A-LPS (Porphyromonas) Peptidoglycan (PGN) (G+) Glycolipid LAM (Mycoplasma) Peptideo PSMs (Staphylococcus) |
1/2 * | myD88 | Inflammatory cytokines |
| 2/6 * | myD88 | Inflammatory cytokines |
* heterodimer TLR; PGN: peptidoglycan; G+: Gram positive bacteria; G-: Gram negative bacteria; LAM: Lipoarabinomannan; PSMs: Phenol-soluble modulins; myD88: myeloid differentiation primary-response protein 88; O-LPS: O-antigen polysaccharide; TIRAP: TIR domain-containing adaptor protein; TRAM: Trif-related adapter molecule; A-LPS: anionic polysaccharide.