Table 1.
Summary of non-structural proteins of SARS-CoV-2 and their functions.
| Proteins | Length (AA) 1 | Function, Key Features |
|---|---|---|
| NSP1 | 180 | Suppresses host genes and enhances viral RNA expression |
| NSP2 | 638 | For SARS-CoV replication |
| NSP3 | 1945 | Component of the replication/transcription complex |
| NSP4 | 500 | Assembly of cytoplasmic double-membrane vesicles required for viral replication |
| NSP5 | 306 | Cleavage of viral polyproteins |
| NSP6 | 290 | Inhibits the lysosomal autophagy system and stimulates the NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent pyroptotic pathway |
| NSP7 | 83 | Involved in the replication and transcription of SARS |
| NSP8 | 198 | Viral RNA primers co-localize with RdRP to replicate SARS-CoV |
| NSP9 | 113 | Interact with the replication complex |
| NSP10 | 139 | Interact with NSP14 and NSP16 |
| NSP11 | 13 | Unknown |
| NSP12 | 932 | RNA-dependent RNA polymerase |
| NSP13 | 601 | Zinc-binding domain, NTPase, dNTPase. 5′-to-3′ RNA and DNA helicase, RNA 5′-triphosphate |
| NSP14 | 527 | 3′-to-5′ exoribonuclease, zinc-binding domain, and N7-methyltransferase |
| NSP15 | 346 | Uridylate-specific endoribonuclease, homohexamer |
| NSP16 | 298 | Putative ribose-2′-O-methyltransferase |
1 from SARS-CoV-2 reference genome (NC_045512.2). dNTPase, deoxynucleoside triphosphohydrolase; NLRP3, NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3; NSP, non-structural proteins; NTPase, nucleoside-triphosphatase; SARS-CoV, Severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus.