Table 3.
LPS and PA Synergistically Increase Ceramide (CER) Production but Imipramine (IMP) Robustly Inhibits CER Production in Macrophages.
| C14-Cer | C16-Cer | C18-Cer | C20-Cer | C22-Cer | C24-Cer | C24:1-Cer | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control | 0.79 | 0.05 | 0.03 | 0.39 | 2.40 | 1.54 | 5.36 |
| Control + IMP | 1.03 | 0.13 | 0.04 | 0.49 | 1.81 | 1.51 | 5.20 |
| LPS | 1.24 | 0.06 | 0.03 | 0.36 | 2.37 | 1.62 | 5.90 |
| LPS + IMP | 1.42 | 0.11 | 0.05 | 0.46 | 2.14 | 1.30 | 5.69 |
| PA | 1.62 | 0.30 | 0.18 | 1.65 | 2.12 | 1.42 | 7.50 |
| PA + IMP | 2.23 | 0.49 | 0.24 | 1.73 | 1.68 | 0.81 | 7.32 |
| LPS + PA | 5.18 | 1.31 | 0.70 | 3.81 | 3.61 | 2.91 | 18.21 |
| LPS + PA + IMP | 3.30 | 0.66 | 0.30 | 2.08 | 2.01 | 1.24 | 9.85 |
RAW264.7 macrophages were treated with 1 ng/mL of LPS, 100 μM of PA or both in the absence or presence of 50 μM of imipramine for 24 h. The cells are collected and subjected to lipidomic analysis as described in Materials and Methods. Unit: pmol/nmol phosphate.