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Agarose gel electrophoretic pattern of EB-stained plasmid DNA (pBR322 plasmid DNA) with AuNRs@PEG and AuNRs@PEG@NAP at 0.25 mg/mL. Top: Gel electrophoreses pictures: Lane 1: DNA; Lane 2: DNA + AuNRs@PEG; and Lane 3: DNA + HLHΛAuNRs@PEG@NAP. Bottom: Calculation of the % conversion to ss and ds damage. DNA forms: Form I = supercoiled, Form II = relaxed, and Form III = linear plasmid DNA.
