Treatment of primary hepatocytes with C17:0 has no impact on AKT but reduces JAK2-STAT3 signaling. mRNA expression analysis of genes involved in (A) fatty acid synthesis/oxidation and (B) inflammation/fibrosis of primary hepatocytes treated with BSA (dotted line, set to 1), palmitate control (PA; 250 µM), C15:0 (PA-C15; 125 µM PA:125 µM C15:0) or C17:0 (PA-C17; 125 µM PA:125 µM C17:0) for 24 h (n = 4). Protein expression analysis for proteins involved in (C) insulin signaling and (D) the representative blots of insulin-stimulated (100 nM Ins, 15 min) primary hepatocytes treated for 48 h with BSA, PA, C15:0 or C17:0. Protein expression analysis for proteins involved in (C) immune signaling and (E) the representative blots after primary hepatocytes were treated with BSA, PA, C15:0 or C17:0 for 48 h. (n = 4). Data are mean + SEM, * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001.