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. 2023 Jan 24;13(5):327–337. doi: 10.1093/tbm/ibac115

Table 2.

Frameworks and categorization of outer context domains (N = 47)

Name of framework Dissemination or implementation (D/I) Outer setting domains
Policy Social Economics Cultural Community/demographics Partnership Profession Legal/regulation/mandates Communications Peer pressure/norms Incentives/funding Other
A Conceptual Model for the Diffusion of Innovations in Service Organizations [3]. D > I X X X X X X
A Conceptual Model of Knowledge Utilization [15] D only X X X
A Framework for Analyzing Adoption of Complex Health Innovations/Conceptual framework for analyzing integration of targeted health interventions into health systems [16, 17] D > I X X X X X X X
Availability, Responsiveness, & Continuity (ARC): An Organizational & Community Intervention Mode l [39] I only X X
Blueprint for Dissemination [56] D only X X X X
CDC DHAP’s Research-to-Practice Framework/Research-to-Practice Framework for Technology Transfer [18] I > D X X X
CollaboraKTion Framework for Community-Based Knowledge Translation [47] D = I X X
Conceptual Model of Evidence-Based Practice Implementation in Public Service Sectors [19] I only X X X
Conceptual Model of Implementation Research [20] I only X X X
Conceptualizing Dissemination Research and Activity: Canadian Heart Health Initiative [21] D only X X X
Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research [2] I only X X X X X
Coordinated Implementation Model [50] D > I X X
Critical Realism & the Arts Research Utilization Model (CRARUM) [53] D = I X X X
Davis’ Pathman-PROCEED Model [22, 31] D = I X X X
Diffusion of Innovation [51] D only X X
Dissemination of Evidence-based Interventions to Prevent Obesity [23] D = I X X X
Effective Dissemination Strategies [40] D only X X X
Framework for Knowledge Translation [41] D only X
Framework for the Dissemination & Utilization of Research for Health-Care Policy & Practice [42] D > I X X X X X X X
Framework of Dissemination in Health Services Intervention Research [24] D > I X X X X X
Health Promotion Research Center Framework [25] D > I X X X
Integrated Knowledge Translation Framework [33] D = I X X X
Knowledge Exchange Framework [61] D > I X
Knowledge Integration Process [55] D = I X
Knowledge Transfer framework for AHRQ Patient Safety Portfolio and Grantees [34] D = I X X X X X X X
Knowledge Translation Model of Tehran University of Medical Sciences [26, 57] D = I X X X
Linking Systems Framework [48] D > I X
Marketing and Distribution System for Public Health [43] D > I X X
Model for Locally Based Research Transfer Development [44] D only X X X
Multi-level Conceptual Framework of Organizational Innovation Adoption [49] D = I X X
NCHPAD Knowledge Adaptation, Translation, and Scale-up (N-KATS) framework [35] D > I X X X X X X
OutPatient Treatment in Ontario Services (OPTIONS) Model [45] D > I X X X
Pathways to Evidence Informed Policy [27] I > D X X X X X X
Policy Framework for Increasing Diffusion of Evidence-based Physical Activity Interventions [28] D only X
Practical, Robust Implementation and Sustainability Model (PRISM) [60] I > D X
Precaution Adoption Process Model [52] I only X
Quality Improvement Framework [36] I only X X X X X
RAND Model of Persuasive Communication and Diffusion of Medical Innovation [46] D only X X X
Real-World Dissemination [59] D = I X
Research Development Dissemination and Utilization Framework [58] D = I X X
Social Cognitive Theory [54] I only X
Social Ecology Model for Health Promotion [32] I only X X X
Streams of Policy Process [29] D only X
The Precede-Proceed Model [22, 30, 31] D = I X X X X
The RE-AIM Framework [62] D = I X
Translation Model of Black Dog Institute [37] D > I X X X X X
Western Australia Health Network Policy Development [38] I only X X X X
Total 24 (51.1%) 11 (23.4%) 9 (19.1%) 8 (17.0%) 20 (42.6%) 13 (27.7%) 8 (17.0%) 9 (19.1%) 12 (25.5%) 7 (14.9%) 6 (12.8%) 17 (36.1%)

Note. This designation is on the focus of the framework on dissemination and/or implementation activities. D only = dissemination focus; I only = implementation focus; D > I = more focus on Dissemination than Implementation; I > D = more focus on Implementation than Dissemination; I = D = equal focus on Implementation and Dissemination. These were coded in the Tabak article and by abstractors.