Table 2. Induction of Labor at 39 Weeks of Gestation vs Expectant Management.
| Outcome | No. of studies | Induction of labor, No./total No. | Expectant management, No./total No. | I2 (%) | Odds ratio (95% CI)a |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal | |||||
| Third- or fourth-degree perinatal injury | 7 | 679/37 575 | 15 835/1 021 288 | 88.4 | 0.63 (0.49-0.81) |
| Operative vaginal birth | 8 | 3598/45 209 | 130 357/1 146 394 | 88.1 | 0.87 (0.79-0.97) |
| Postpartum hemorrhage | 6 | 1442/25 563 | 63 762/932 257 | 52.3 | 0.89 (0.77-1.02) |
| Emergency cesarean section | 14 | 17 876/84 771 | 206 989/1 501 691 | 99.7 | 0.75 (0.53-1.07) |
| Neonatal | |||||
| Macrosomia | 4 | 1081/23 146 | 24 196/295 524 | 93.4 | 0.66 (0.48-0.91) |
| Shoulder dystocia | 5 | 633/30 078 | 6725/314 511 | 78.7 | 1.00 (0.91-1.08) |
| NICU admission | 9 | 3392/48 773 | 74 534/1 039 309 | 96.8 | 0.84 (0.66-1.08) |
| Low Apgar score (<7 at 5 min after delivery) | 4 | 117/21 828 | 931/97 989 | 63.5 | 0.62 (0.40-0.96) |
Abbreviation: NICU, neonatal intensive care unit.
a
Calculated using a random-effects model and including all studies.