Taniguchi 1991.

Methods	Design: randomised controlled trial Randomisation: individual Trial: daily oral iron with vitamin C plus exercise versus placebo with vitamin C and exercise versus daily oral iron with vitamin C (no exercise) versus vitamin C (no exercise) Date of study: not stated
Participants	Setting: colleges in Japan Malaria endemicity: not stated Included: female college students aged 18 years to 22 years (mean age not reported). Iron deficiency (ferritin < 6 ng/mL) not anaemic (haemoglobin > 120 g/L) Excluded: not stated Dropouts: not stated Sample size: total: 54; intervention: 27, control: 27
Interventions	Intervention: ferric ammonium citrate: 6 mg (approximately 1 mg of elemental iron ) + vitamin C ± exercise Control: vitamin C ± exercise Duration: 9 weeks
Outcomes	Haemoglobin, iron status, exercise performance
Notes	Compliance: not stated Conflicts of interest: not stated Funded by: not stated
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Not reported
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Not reported
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Placebo (iron‐free vitamin C) administered to control participants
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Not reported. May have influenced measurement of exercise outcomes
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Not indicated in report
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	Not evident
Other bias	Low risk	Not evident