Table I.
Demographic and health characteristics of the COVID-19 vaccination cohort and the historical control cohort before and after the inverse probability treatment weighting
| Preweighting |
Postweighting |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| COVID-19 vaccination (N = 3,838,120) | Historical control (N = 3,834,804) | SMD | COVID-19 vaccination, mean or (%) | Historical control, mean or (%) | SMD | |
| Age, mean, ± SD, y | 45.7 ± 18.7 | 44.8 ± 18.7 | 0.054 | 45.3 | 45.3 | 0.000 |
| <20, n (%) | 307,952 (8.0) | 355,898 (9.3) | (8.3) | (8.9) | ||
| 20-39, n (%) | 1,212,206 (31.6) | 1,233,807 (32.2) | (32.4) | (31.4) | ||
| 40-59, n (%) | 1,317,711 (34.3) | 1,312,149 (34.2) | (34.2) | (34.4) | ||
| >60, n (%) | 1,000,251 (26.1) | 932,950 (24.3) | (25.1) | (25.3) | ||
| Sex, n (%) | 0.000 | 0.000 | ||||
| Male | 1,978,161 (51.5) | 1,975,860 (51.5) | (51.4) | (51.4) | ||
| Female | 1,859,959 (48.5) | 1,858,944 (48.5) | (48.6) | (48.6) | ||
| Insurance type, n (%) | 0.000 | 0.000 | ||||
| Standard | 3,686,686 (96.1) | 3,683,382 (96.1) | (96.0) | (96.0) | ||
| Medicaid | 151,434 (3.9) | 151,422 (3.9) | (4.0) | (4.0) | ||
| Income level, n (%) | 0.000 | 0.000 | ||||
| Highest | 1,202,331 (31.3) | 1,203,161 (31.4) | (31.5) | (31.6) | ||
| Higher | 1,066,344 (27.8) | 1,063,166 (27.7) | (28.0) | (27.8) | ||
| Lower | 931,261 (24.3) | 931,833 (24.3) | (24.5) | (24.4) | ||
| Lowest | 614,555 (16.0) | 613,542 (16.0) | (16.0) | (16.2) | ||
| Location of residence, n (%) | 0.000 | 0.000 | ||||
| Metropolitan area | 1,703,487 (44.4) | 1,702,755 (44.4) | (44.5) | (44.5) | ||
| Rural area | 2,134,633 (55.6) | 2,132,049 (55.6) | (55.5) | (55.5) | ||
| Underlying disease, n (%) | ||||||
| Hypertension | 873,910 (22.8) | 809,426 (21.1) | 0.040 | (22.0) | (22.0) | 0.000 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 480,764 (12.5) | 427,834 (11.2) | 0.042 | (11.9) | (11.9) | 0.000 |
| Dyslipidaemia | 1,170,293 (30.5) | 1,041,841 (27.2) | 0.073 | (28.9) | (28.9) | 0.000 |
| Atopic dermatitis | 61,573 (1.6) | 55,219 (1.4) | 0.013 | (1.5) | (1.5) | 0.000 |
| Allergic rhinitis | 201,309 (5.2) | 192,579 (5.0) | 0.010 | (5.1) | (5.1) | 0.000 |
| Asthma | 84,739 (2.2) | 82,440 (2.2) | 0.004 | (2.2) | (2.2) | 0.000 |
| Hypothyroidism | 138,433 (3.6) | 121,613 (3.2) | 0.024 | (3.4) | (3.4) | 0.000 |
| Hyperthyroidism | 54,618 (1.4) | 49,120 (1.3) | 0.012 | (1.4) | (1.4) | 0.000 |
| Hashimoto thyroiditis | 23,205 (0.6) | 20,708 (0.5) | 0.008 | (0.6) | (0.6) | 0.000 |
| Vitamin D deficiency | 113,309 (3.0) | 84,192 (2.2) | 0.048 | (2.6) | (2.6) | 0.000 |
| Hepatitis B | 60,342 (1.6) | 55,555 (1.5) | 0.010 | (1.5) | (1.5) | 0.000 |
| Hepatitis C | 6159 (0.2) | 8597 (0.2) | 0.003 | (0.2) | (0.2) | 0.000 |
| HIV infection | 189 (0.0) | 163 (0.0) | 0.000 | (0.0) | (0.0) | 0.000 |
COVID-19, Coronavirus 2019 disease; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; SMD, absolute standardized mean difference.