TABLE 3.
Univariable and multivariable Cox regression analysis of risk factors associated with RFS
| Univariable | Multivariable | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
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| Variable | HR | 95% CI | P-value | HR | 95% CI | P-value |
| Male | 0.96 | 0.60–1.56 | 0.878 | - | - | - |
| Age (yrs) | 1.01 | 0.99–1.03 | 0.506 | - | - | - |
| Race | - | - | - | |||
| White | Ref | - | - | |||
| African American | 0.74 | 0.32–1.73 | 0.490 | |||
| Other | 1.03 | 0.57–1.87 | 0.915 | |||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 1.01 | 0.97–1.04 | 0.802 | - | - | - |
| ASA class | - | - | - | |||
| 1 | Ref | - | - | |||
| 2 | 0.17 | 0.02–1.34 | 0.094 | |||
| 3 | 0.20 | 0.03–1.51 | 0.117 | |||
| 4 | 0.30 | 0.02–4.85 | 0.397 | |||
| Comorbidities (>1) | 2.01 | 1.16–3.46 | 0.012 | 1.63 | 0.80–3.30 | 0.178 |
| Preoperative albumin (g/dL) | 0.78 | 0.55–1.11 | 0.163 | - | - | - |
| Preoperative INR | 3.38 | 1.25–9.18 | 0.017 | 1.30 | 0.41–4.12 | 0.652 |
| Jaundice | 1.71 | 0.90–3.27 | 0.105 | 1.50 | 0.57–3.98 | 0.414 |
| Operative approach | - | - | - | |||
| Open | Ref | - | - | |||
| Laparoscopic | 0.46 | 0.11–1.89 | 0.282 | |||
| Laparoscopic hand-assisted | 0.00 | 0.00–4E208 | 0.965 | |||
| Robotic | 3.04 | 0.42–22.18 | 0.273 | |||
| Laparoscopic converted to open | 2.09 | 0.51–8.58 | 0.308 | |||
| Incidental discovery | 0.66 | 0.40–1.08 | 0.097 | 0.79 | 0.40–1.59 | 0.515 |
| Major hepatectomy | 2.25 | 1.02–4.98 | 0.044 | 1.00 | 0.32–3.07 | 0.994 |
| Common bile duct resection | 1.24 | 0.75–2.04 | 0.400 | - | - | - |
| Portal vein resection | 3.44 | 0.83–14.25 | 0.089 | - | - | - |
| Major arterial resection | 0.05 | 0.00–3.4E35 | 0.945 | - | - | - |
| Estimated blood loss | 1.00 | 1.00–1.00 | <0.001 | - | - | - |
| Transfusion | 1.52 | 0.90–2.57 | 0.116 | 2.32 | 1.06–5.08 | 0.035 |
| Tumor size (mm) | 1.01 | 1.00–1.02 | 0.016 | - | - | - |
| Final margin status | 1.11 | 0.37–3.35 | 0.849 | |||
| R0 | Ref | - | - | |||
| R1 | 3.08 | 1.70–5.58 | <0.001 | |||
| AJCC T-stage | ||||||
| Tis/T1a/b | Ref | - | - | Ref | - | - |
| T2 | 2.91 | 0.87–9.76 | 0.084 | 6.97 | 0.87–55.84 | 0.068 |
| T3/T4 | 8.11 | 2.50–26.30 | <0.001 | 11.97 | 1.51–95.23 | 0.019 |
| Grade | - | - | - | |||
| Well-differentiated | Ref | - | - | |||
| Moderately differentiated | 2.19 | 0.86–5.60 | 0.101 | |||
| Poorly/undifferentiated | 3.72 | 1.42–9.74 | 0.008 | |||
| Lymphovascular invasion | 3.85 | 2.02–7.33 | <0.001 | - | - | - |
| Perineural invasion | 2.61 | 1.42–4.81 | 0.002 | - | - | - |
| Lymph node positive | 2.26 | 1.37–3.72 | 0.001 | 1.71 | 0.92–3.17 | 0.090 |
| Major complication | 2.09 | 1.14–3.82 | 0.017 | 1.30 | 0.59–2.88 | 0.517 |
| Neoadjuvant chemotherapy | 1.78 | 0.71–4.42 | 0.218 | - | - | - |
| Adjuvant chemotherapy | 1.56 | 0.96–2.54 | 0.072 | - | - | - |
RFS, recurrence-free survival; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; BMI, body mass index, ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; INR, international normalized ratio; AJCC, American Joint Committee on Cancer.
Bold values indicate P < 0.05.