Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of patients with metastatic neuroendocrine tumors by symptom group
| Patient variables, median (IQR) or n (%) | All patients n = 581 | NH symptoms n = 332 | Hormonal only n =116 | Asymptomatic n =133 | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||
| Age | 58.1 (49.4–67.0) | 59.0 (41.8–76.2) | 54.5 (33.3–75.7) | 60.0 (42.4–77.6) | 0.004 |
| Sex, male | 306 (52.7) | 167 (50.3) | 59 (50.9) | 80 (60.2) | 0.143 |
| Race | 0.028 | ||||
| White | 458 (80.6) | 244 (74.8) | 97 (87.4) | 117 (89.3) | |
| AA | 65 (11.4) | 50 (15.3) | 9 (8.1) | 6 (4.6) | |
| Other | 45 (7.9) | 32 (9.8) | 5 (4.5) | 8 (6.1) | |
| Comorbidities | |||||
| HTN | 263 (45.6) | 163 (49.2) | 45 (39.8) | 55 (41.4) | 0.119 |
| Diabetes | 126 (21.8) | 76 (22.9) | 22 (19.3) | 28 (21.1) | 0.659 |
| BMI | 27.3 (23.8–31.5) | 26.5 (19.4–33.6) | 27.7 (15.9–39.5) | 27.8 (19.5–36.1) | 0.046 |
| Genetic syndrome | 35 (6.0) | 8 (2.4) | 21 (18.4) | 6 (4.5) | < 0.001 |
| Metastasis | 0.444 | ||||
| Imaging | 518 (89.9) | 294 (88.8) | 106 (93.0) | 118 (90.1) | |
| Operative | 63 (10.1) | 38 (11.1) | 10 (7.0) | 15 (9.9) | |
| Metastasis location | |||||
| Liver | 347 (61.3) | 189 (58.2) | 79 (69.9) | 79 (61.7) | 0.086 |
| Lung | 12 (2.1) | 9 (2.8) | 2 (1.8) | 1 (0.8) | 0.397 |
| Bone | 14 (2.5) | 9 (2.8) | 4 (3.6) | 1 (0.8) | 0.333 |
| Lymph node | 140 (24.1) | 82 (24.7) | 30 (25.9) | 28 (21.1) | 0.626 |
| Other | 47 (8.1) | 27 (8.1) | 9 (7.8) | 11 (8.3) | 0.988 |
| Location of primary NET | 0.006 | ||||
| Pancreas | 250 (43.0) | 126 (38.0) | 53 (45.7) | 71 (53.4) | |
| Small bowel | 180 (31.0) | 116 (34.9) | 33 (28.4) | 31 (23.3) | |
| Unknown | 46 (7.9) | 22 (6.6) | 12 (10.3) | 12 (9.0) | |
| Colon/rectum | 32 (5.5) | 25 (7.5) | 4 (3.4) | 3 (2.3) | |
| Duodenum | 32 (5.5) | 14 (4.2) | 12 (10.3) | 6 (4.5) | |
| Stomach | 15 (2.6) | 14 (4.2) | 0 | 1 (0.8) | |
| Other | 26 (4.5) | 15 (4.5) | 2 (1.7) | 9 (6.8) | |
| Operative intent | < 0.001 | ||||
| Curative | 396 (68.2) | 220 (66.3) | 72 (62.1) | 104 (78.2) | |
| Debulking | 146 (25.1) | 76 (22.9) | 41 (35.3) | 29 (21.8) | |
| Palliative | 39 (6.7) | 36 (10.8) | 3 (2.6) | 0 | |
| Operation location | < 0.001 | ||||
| Primary only | 214 (36.8) | 150 (45.2) | 26 (22.4) | 38 (28.6) | |
| Primary + mets | 222 (38.2) | 113 (34.0) | 62 (53.4) | 47 (35.3) | |
| Mets only | 68 (11.7) | 37 (11.1) | 15 (12.9) | 16 (12.0) | |
| Local recurrence | 14 (2.4) | 4 (1.2) | 6 (5.2) | 4 (3.0) | |
| Mets recurrence | 63 (10.8) | 28 (8.4) | 7 (6.0) | 28 (21.1) | |
| Tumor grade | 0.069 | ||||
| Low | 199 (34.3) | 116 (34.9) | 40 (34.5) | 43 (32.3) | |
| Intermediate | 140 (24.1) | 81 (24.4) | 27 (23.3) | 32 (24.1) | |
| High | 39 (6.7) | 31 (9.3) | 5 (4.3) | 3 (2.3) | |
| Unknown | 203 (34.9) | 104 (31.3) | 44 (37.9) | 55 (41.4) | |
Italics used for significant variables