Table 1. Trends in CAVD mortality and DALYs across SDI quintiles, 1990–2019.
| Indicators | Global | High SDI | High-middle SDI | Middle SDI | Low-middle SDI | Low SDI | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 2019 | 1990 | 2019 | 1990 | 2019 | 1990 | 2019 | 1990 | 2019 | 1990 | 2019 | ||||||
| Population | |||||||||||||||||
| Number (×106) | 5,350 (5,239, 5,460) |
7,737 (7,483, 7,993) |
822 | 1,013 | 1,150 | 1,430 | 1,717 | 2,397 | 1,130 | 1,764 | 528 | 1,128 | |||||
| Percentage of global | 100.0 | 100.0 | 15.4 | 13.1 | 21.5 | 18.5 | 32.1 | 39.6 | 21.1 | 22.8 | 9.9 | 14.6 | |||||
| Deaths | |||||||||||||||||
| Number* (×103) | 53.30 (47.76, 59.73) |
126.83 (105.60, 141.39) |
36.02 (32.13, 39.86) |
80.21 (64.30, 90.10) |
8.36 (7.42, 9.21) |
24.44 (20.86, 27.26) |
4.27 (3.50, 5.17) |
10.48 (9.43, 11.74) |
3.12 (2.10, 4.20) |
8.17 (6.63, 9.99) |
1.50 (0.88, 2.20) |
3.46 (2.56, 4.39) |
|||||
| Percentage of global | 100.00 | 100.00 | 67.57 | 63.24 | 15.68 | 19.27 | 8.01 | 8.26 | 5.85 | 6.44 | 2.82 | 2.73 | |||||
| Percent change of deaths 1990–2019 (×100%) | 1.38 (1.13, 1.59) | 1.23 (0.97, 1.40) | 1.92 (1.57, 2.26) | 1.45 (1.10, 2.05) | 1.62 (1.16, 2.38) | 1.3 (0.81, 2.16) | |||||||||||
| All-age mortality rate | |||||||||||||||||
| Rate per 100,000 | 1.00 (0.89, 1.12) | 1.64 (1.36, 1.83) | 4.38 (3.91, 4.85) |
7.92 (6.35, 8.89) |
0.73 (0.65, 0.80) |
1.71 (1.46, 1.91) |
0.25 (0.20, 0.30) |
0.44 (0.39, 0.49) |
0.28 (0.19, 0.37) |
0.46 (0.38, 0.57) |
0.28 (0.17, 0.42) |
0.31 (0.23, 0.39) |
|||||
| Percent change of rate 1990–2019 (×100%) | 0.65 (0.48, 0.79) | 0.81 (0.60, 0.95) | 1.35 (1.06, 1.62) | 0.76 (0.50, 1.18) | 0.68 (0.38, 1.16) | 0.08 (−0.15, 0.48) | |||||||||||
| Age-standardized mortality rate | |||||||||||||||||
| Rate per 100,000 | 1.75 (1.55, 1.96) |
1.76 (1.45, 1.97) |
3.46 (3.06, 3.84) |
3.35 (2.75, 3.74) |
0.93 (0.81, 1.04) |
1.28 (1.08, 1.43) |
0.47 (0.39, 0.57) |
0.48 (0.43, 0.53) |
0.65 (0.44, 0.85) |
0.70 (0.57, 0.84) |
0.77 (0.47, 1.09) |
0.80 (0.61, 0.99) |
|||||
| Percent change of rate 1990–2019 (×100%) | 0.00 (−0.09, 0.08) | −0.03 (−0.12, 0.03) | 0.37 (0.21, 0.54) | 0.01 (−0.13, 0.25) | 0.07 (−0.10, 0.37) | 0.04 (−0.18, 0.39) | |||||||||||
| APC model estimates | |||||||||||||||||
| Net drift of mortality (% per year) |
−1.15 (−1.34, −0.95) | −2.10 (−2.39, −1.82) | −0.60 (−0.76, −0.45) | −0.39 (−0.53, −0.24) | 0.05 (−0.13, 0.23) | −0.27 (−0.51, −0.02) | |||||||||||
| DALYs | |||||||||||||||||
| Number (×103) | 975.89 (872.01, 1,109.79) | 1,837.75 (1,637.02, 2,031.85) | 553.75 (508.56, 609.84) | 913.67 (778.95, 1,005.2) | 178.05 (162.77, 197.28) | 395.65 (353.62, 437.85) | 121 (98.91, 146.12) | 251.02 (227.01, 281.66) | 81.11 (53.2, 111.59) | 187.23 (149.87, 235.31) | 41.39 (22.47, 63.11) | 89.08 (62.68, 119.76) | |||||
| Percentage of global | 100.00 | 100.00 | 56.74 | 49.72 | 18.25 | 21.53 | 12.40 | 13.66 | 8.31 | 10.19 | 4.24 | 4.85 | |||||
| Percent change of DALYs 1990–2019 (×100%) | 0.88 (0.72, 1.07) | 0.65 (0.50, 0.77) | 1.22 (0.96, 1.47) | 1.07 (0.74, 1.61) | 1.31 (0.90, 2.01) | 1.15 (0.68, 1.99) | |||||||||||
| All-age DALYs rate | |||||||||||||||||
| Rate per 100,000 | 18.24 (16.30, 20.74) |
23.75 (21.16, 26.26) |
67.37 (61.87, 74.19) |
90.16 (76.87, 99.19) |
15.48 (14.15, 17.15) |
27.66 (24.72, 30.61) |
7.05 (5.76, 8.51) |
10.47 (9.47, 11.75) |
7.18 (4.71, 9.88) |
10.61 (8.50, 13.34) |
7.84 (4.26, 11.95) |
7.89 (5.55, 10.61) |
|||||
| Percent change of rate 1990–2019 (×100%) | 0.30 (0.19, 0.43) | 0.34 (0.22, 0.44) | 0.79 (0.58, 0.99) | 0.49 (0.25, 0.87) | 0.48 (0.22, 0.93) | 0.01 (−0.22, 0.40) | |||||||||||
| Age-standardized DALYs rate | |||||||||||||||||
| Rate per 100,000 | 26.85 (24.07, 30.31) |
23.90 (21.10, 26.55) |
52.88 (48.59, 58.27) |
42.88 (37.50, 47.00) |
17.25 (15.73, 19.19) |
20.21 (18.01, 22.35) |
10.48 (8.62, 12.68) |
10.18 (9.21, 11.40) |
12.97 (8.69, 17.57) |
13.56 (10.90, 16.84) |
16.14 (9.28, 23.73) |
15.80 (11.57, 20.29) |
|||||
| Percent change of rate 1990–2019 (×100%) | −0.11 (−0.18, −0.03) | −0.19 (−0.25, −0.14) | 0.17 (0.03, 0.29) | −0.03 (−0.18, 0.21) | 0.05 (−0.13, 0.34) | −0.02 (−0.23, 0.34) | |||||||||||
| APC model estimates | |||||||||||||||||
| Net drift of DALYs (% per year) |
−1.01 (−1.11, −0.91) | −1.94 (−2.08, −1.80) | −0.43 (−0.49, −0.36) | −0.33 (−0.37, −0.29) | 0.07 (0.00, 0.13) | −0.27 (−0.31, −0.22) | |||||||||||
*, parentheses for all GBD health estimate indicate 95% UIs. All-age mortality = crude mortality rate. Age-standardized mortality rate and DALY rate is computed using direct standardization with global standard population in the GBD 2019. Parentheses for all GBD health estimates indicate 95% UIs; parentheses for net drift indicate 95% CIs. CAVD, calcific aortic valve disease; DALYs, disability-adjusted life years; SDI, socio-demographic index; APC, age-population-cohort; GBD, Global Burden of Disease; UI, uncertainty interval; CI, confidence interval.