Table 1.
Demographic, clinical, and laboratory features of analysed participants with COVID-19
| Value | n. cases with available data (%*) | |
|---|---|---|
| Sex [(female/male) (frequency (%)] | 207 (31.9)/442 (68.1) | 649 (97.0) |
| Age (years) [mean (± sd) (range)] | 66.2 (± 15.0) (22.0–99.1) | 669 (100.0) |
| NfL (pg/ml) [median (IQR) (range)] | 35.8 (16.8–74.6) (2.9–2233.2) | 669 (100.0) |
| NfL Z score [median (IQR) (range)] | 2.37 (1.13–3.06) (−3.72–4.17) | 669 (100.0) |
| NfL percentiles [median (IQR) (range)] | 99.1 (87.0–99.9) (0.01–100.0) | 669 (100.0) |
| Current disease | ||
| Time from onset to admission (days) [median (IQR)] | 7 (4–9) | 241 (36.0) |
| Time from onset to blood sampling (days) (disease duration) [median (IQR)] | 7 (2–13) | 399 (59.6) |
| COVID-19 severity (moderate/severe/critical) [frequency (%)] | 13 (3.0)/27 (6.3)/391 (90.7) | 431 (64.4) |
| Medical history | ||
| Diabetes mellitus (yes/no) [frequency (%)] | 47 (12.5)/330 (87.5) | 377 (56.4) |
| Hypertension (yes/no) [frequency (%)] | 94 (23.9)/300 (76.1) | 394 (58.9) |
| Laboratory parameters | ||
| Absolute lymphocyte count (× 109/l) [median (IQR)] | 0.90 (0.56–1.30) | 249 (37.2) |
| Absolute neutrophil count (× 109/l) [median (IQR)] | 5.2 (3.5–8.0) | 152 (22.7) |
| CRP (mg/l) [median (IQR)] | 75.4 (17.2–145.6) | 302 (45.1) |
| LDH (U/l) [median (IQR)] | 338 (260–461) | 211 (31.5) |
| Creatinine (mg/dl) [median (IQR)] | 0.83 (0.72–1.04) | 149 (22.3) |
| PaO2/FiO2 ratio [median (IQR)] | 227 (109–329) | 141 (21.1) |
| Clinical outcomes | ||
| Days of hospitalization [median (IQR)] | 14 (6–30) | 469 (70.1) |
| ICU admission (yes/no) [frequency (%)] | 316 (51.9)/293 (48.1) | 609 (91.0) |
| Mechanical ventilation (yes/no) [frequency (%)] | 74 (31.8)/159 (68.2) | 233 (34.8) |
| Days of mechanical ventilation [median (IQR)] | 7.5 (3–16) | 52 (7.8) |
| Death (yes/no) [frequency (%)] | 180 (26.9)/489 (73.1) | 669 (100.0) |
*calculated in the whole cohort of 669 participants