Table 3.

Associations between NfL Z score or other variables and ICU admission (recruiting centre as random effect), 609 patients with available outcome.

Univariate GLMM analysis	OR (95%CI)	P value	n. cases with available data
NfL Z score	1.43 (1.24–1.64)	< 0.0001	609
Male Sex	2.26 (1.54–3.32)	< 0.0001	589
Age	0.99 (0.98–1.00002)	0.0504	609
Current disease
Time from onset to admission	1.02 (0.96–1.08)	0.585	204
Time from onset to blood sampling (disease duration)	1.10 (1.06–1.14)	< 0.0001	362
COVID-19 severity (severe vs. moderate)	> 100 (0 – > 1000)	1.0	371
COVID-19 severity (critical vs. moderate)	540.65 (2.63 – > 1000)	0.0206
Medical history
Diabetes mellitus	2.39 (1.21–4.71)	0.012	377
Hypertension	0.87 (0.52–1.46)	0.606	394
Laboratory parameters
Absolute lymphocyte count	1.01 (0.80–1.27)	0.926	215
Absolute neutrophil count	1.02 (0.97–1.08)	0.453	152
CRP	1.003 (0.9997–1.006)	0.079	267
LDH	1.004 (1.002–1.006)	0.0001	177
Creatinine	1.95 (0.95–3.99)	0.069	149
PaO2/FiO2 ratio	0.989 (0.984–0.994)	< 0.0001	141

Multivariable GLMM analysis	OR (95%CI)	P value	n. cases
NfL Z score	2.50 (1.17–5.37)	0.018	74
Male sex	2.30 (0.47–11.25)	0.304
Time from onset to blood sampling	1.10 (1.03–1.18)	0.005
COVID-19 severity (critical vs moderate)	9.76 (0.31–304.67)	0.194
Diabetes mellitus	3.69 (0.39–34.89)	0.254