Table 1.
Sample Characteristics of the Included Participants (N = 8,608)
| Characteristic | Mean (SD) | N (%) | Median (IQR) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 58.9 (8.6) | ||
| Sex | |||
| Male | 3,792 (44.1) | ||
| Female | 4,816 (55.9) | ||
| Race or race/ethnicity | |||
| Black | 1,239 (14.4) | ||
| Mixed race (pardo) | 2,325 (27.0) | ||
| White | 4,755 (55.2) | ||
| Asian or Indigenous | 289 (3.4) | ||
| Highest educational achievement | |||
| Less than elementary school | 237 (2.7) | ||
| Elementary school | 416 (4.8) | ||
| High school | 2,972 (34.5) | ||
| University degree or higher | 4,983 (57.9) | ||
| Smoking | |||
| Never smoker | 5,294 (61.5) | ||
| Former smoker | 2,589 (30.1) | ||
| Current smoker | 725 (8.4) | ||
| Excessive alcohol drinking, yesa | 1,478 (17.2) | ||
| Sleep, hr/night | |||
| Insufficient (<7) | 3,056 (35.5) | ||
| Sufficient (≥7) | 5,552 (64.5) | ||
| Body mass index | |||
| Overweight | 3,674 (42.6) | ||
| Obese | 2,372 (27.6) | ||
| Diabetes, yes | 2,067 (24.0) | ||
| Hypertension, yes | 3,752 (43.9) | ||
| Common mental disorder, yesb | 2,086 (24.2) | ||
| Memory, number words recalledc | 37.6 (5.9) | ||
| Language, number words recalledd | 31.7 (8.0) | ||
| Trail-Making Test (part B), secondse | 98 (73–139) | ||
| Time spent | |||
| In sedentary behaviorf (hr/day) | 12.3 (1.7) | ||
| In light-intensity physical activityg (hr/day) | 3.4 (1.1) | ||
| In moderate-to-vigorous physical activityh (min/day) | 47.8 (25.5) | ||
| In sleepi (hr/day) | 7.4 (1.2) |
Notes: IQR = interquartile range; SD = standard deviation.
a ≥210 g of alcohol/week for men and ≥140 g of alcohol/week for women.
b Score ≥12 in the Clinical Interview Schedule-Revised (CIS-R).
c Range from 0 to 50.
d Range from 0 to ∞.
e Time to complete the task.
f Acceleration ≤15 mg.
g Acceleration 16–69 mg.
h Acceleration >69 mg.
i Reported in sleep diary.