Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2023 May 11;17:1417–1432. doi: 10.2147/DDDT.S404055

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© 2023 Xue et al.

This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms (https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php).

PMC Copyright notice

Cinchonine exerts insulinotropic and glucose-lowering effects by activating GLP-1R. (A) Treating islets with cinchonine (10 μM) under three glucose concentrations (2.8, 11.1, and 16.7 mM) revealed different levels of insulin secretion (n=7). (B) Effect of Exendin (9–39) on insulin secretion induced by cinchonine (n=7). (C) OGTT was performed on GLP-1R^−/− mice, and AUC was calculated (D) (n=4). (E) OGTT was performed in hGLP-1R mice, and AUC was calculated (F) (n=5). All experimental results are expressed as mean ± SEM. Statistical differences in insulin secretion and blood glucose were obtained by one-way ANOVA or Student’s t-test. AUCs were compared using the Mann–Whitney Rank Sum test. *p<0.05, **p<0.01.