Table 4.
Clinical and histopathologic characteristics stratified by clinical syndrome at presentation
| Nephrotic syndrome* (n=105) | Asymptomatic urinary abnormality (n=87) | Macroscopic hematuria* (n=16) | CKD (n=307)* | AKI/AKD (n=45) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 27.4±11.1 | 34.96±11.50 | 22.4±9.3 | 33.2±11.96 | 31.4±14.2 |
| Males (%) | 64.4% (n=68) | 63.1% (n=53) | 70.6% (n=12) | 76.9% (n=236) | 75% (n=33) |
| S. creatinine (mg/dl) | 1.30±1.1 | 1.16±0.33 | 1.76±1.16 | 4.07±2.54 | 4.52±4.16 |
| Renal dysfunction (eGFR <60 ml/min) | 29.8% (31) (n=25) | 29.9% (26) | 29.4% (n=5) | 98.7% (n=303) | 91.1% (41) |
| Microhematuria (%) | 55.8% (n=58) | 46.4% (n=39) | 32.3% (n=11) | 64.5% (n=198) | 97.7% (n=43) |
| Serum cholesterol (mg/dl) | 278.6±121 | 210±214 | 181±68.3 | 179±65 | 233±184 |
| Serum triglyceride (mg/dl) | 219.0±126 | 175±112 | 159±57.8 | 168±105 | 209±144 |
| S. albumin (g/l) | 2.82±0.19 | 4.0±0.54 | 3.72±0.64 | 3.5±0.6 | 3.0±0.52 |
| Hypertension (%) | 32.7% (n=32) | 50% (n=42) | 17.6% (n=3) | 91.9% (n=282) | 59.1% (n=26) |
| Global glomerulosclerosis (>50%) | 2.9% (n=3) | 7.1% (n=6) | 15.4% (n=4) | 57.3% (n=176) | 6.8% (n=3) |
| M score 1 | 62/93 (66.7%) | 44/74 (52.4%) | 11/18 (61%) | 86/115 (74.8%) | 27/41 (34%) |
| E score 1 | 23/93 (24.7%) | 9/74 (12.2%) | 3/18 (16.7%) | 24/112 (20.9%) | 22/41 (53.7%) |
| S score 1 | 40/93 (43%) | 30/74 (40.5%) | 8/18 (44.4%) | 68/115 (22.1%) | 14/41 (34.5%) |
| T score 1 | 16/93 (17.2%) | 9/74 (12.2%) | 3/18 (16.7%) | 56/115 (48.7%) | 15/41 (36.6%) |
| T score 2 | 0/93 (0%) | 0/74 (0%) | 0/18 (0%) | 15/115 (13%) | 1/41 (2.4%) |
| C score 1 | 27/93 (29%) | 7/74 (8.3%) | 2/18 (11.1%) | 23/115 (20%) | 2/41 (4.9%) |
| C score 2 | 3/93 (3.2%) | 0/74 (0%) | 3/18 (16.7%) | 15/115 (13%) | 29/41 (70.7%) |
| Proteinuria | |||||
| 1-3 g/day | 0% (n=0) | 53% (n=45) | 42.3% (n=11) | 38% (114) | 15/41 (34.9%) |
| More than 3 g | 100% (n=104) | 7.1% (n=6) | 23.1% (n=6) | 47% (141) | 21/41 (48.8%) |
AKD=acute kidney disease, AKI=acute kidney injury, C=crescent, CKD=chronic kidney disease, E=endocapillary hypercellularity, eGFR=estimated glomerular filtration rate, M=mesangial hypercellularity, S=segmental sclerosis, T=tubular atrophy. *At the time of analysis, patients with nephrotic syndrome and gross hematuria or CKD and gross hematuria or AKI/AKD with gross hematuria were classified as nephrotic syndrome, CKD, and AKI/AKD, respectively