Table 10.

Strengths, weaknesses and hazards that contribute to reduced welfare in compost‐bedded pack systems

Strengths	Allow natural lying and lying down/rising up behaviours (Borchers, 2018; Eckelkamp et al., 2014; Endres and Barberg, 2007; Ouweltjes and Smolders, 2014)
	Improved claw health and locomotion (Lobeck et al., 2011; Ofner‐Schröck et al., 2015; Burgstaller et al., 2016; Borchers, 2018)
	Improved leg and joint health (Fulwider et al., 2007; Klaas et al., 2010; Lobeck et al., 2011)
Weaknesses	Increased risk of dirty animals (review in Leso et al., 2020)
	Increased risk of impaired udder health (Leso et al., 2019)
Hazards of reduced welfare	Heat production in the pack due to the composting process (review in Leso et al., 2020)
	Increased moisture in the lying surface (review in Leso et al., 2020)