Table 39.
Hazards related to stocking density/space allowance affecting lying behaviour in cubicle systems
| Hazards related to stocking density and space allowance | Variable | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Overstocking density (a) (142% and 131% vs. 113% and 100%) | Lying (h/day) | ↓ | Krawczel et al. (2012) |
| Overstocking density (a) (150% vs. 100%) | Lying (h/day) | ↓ | Winckler et al. (2015) |
| Lying (% daytime) | ↑ | ||
| Understocking density (a) (75% vs. 100%) | Latency to lie after milking (min) | ↑ | Winckler et al. (2015) |
| Understocking density (a) (25% vs. 100%) | Lying (h/day) | ↑ | Telezhenko et al. (2012) |
| Increased area/cow | Lying bouts (min/bout) | (↑) | Charlton et al. (2014) |
| Lying bouts (bouts/day) | (↓) | ||
| Increased pen size (24 vs. 12 cubicles) | Lying (h/day) | ↑ | Talebi et al. (2014) |
| Increased space at feed bunk/cow | Lying (h/day) | ↑ | Deming et al. (2013) |
| Lying bouts (min/bout) | (↑) | ||
| Wider feeding alley | Lying (h/day) | ↑ | Solano et al. (2016) |
| Lying bouts (min/bout) | ↑ |
↑/↓ = significant increase/decrease of the variable (p < 0.05); (↑/↓) = by tendency higher/lower (p < 0.1). Arrows in black reflect an unclear interpretation of the effect from a welfare perspective.
(a)
Stocking density expressed in cows/cubicle (e.g. 150% means 1.5 cow/cubicle).