Table 47.

Comparison of housing systems regarding metabolic disorders indicators

Country	Variable	Tie‐stall	Cubicle	Straw yard	Compost‐bedded pack	Reference
NO	HYPOCAL‐c: treatments	ns	ns			Simensen et al. (2010)
	KETO‐c: treatments	↑	↓
SE	KETO‐c or DISABO‐c: high‐incidence	ns	ns			Stengärde et al. (2012)
USA	ACID‐sc: FPR < 1.0	(↓)	↑			Dechow et al. (2011)
	KETO‐sc: fat Δ 1st test day to nadir	ns	ns
AT	ACID‐sc: FPR < 1	↑	↓			Schenkenfelder and Winckler (2022)
	KETO‐sc: FPR > 1.5	ns	ns
DE, FR, IT, NL, UK	KETO‐c: BHB ≥ 100 μmol/L	ns	ns	ns		Berge and Vertenten (2014)
USA	KETO‐c: diagnoses	↑	↓	↓		Richert et al. (2013)
	HYPOCAL‐c: diagnoses	ns	ns	ns
AT, DE, IT, NL, SI, SE	KETO‐sc: FPR > 1.4		ns		ns	Emanuelson et al. (2022)

(↓) = tendency for fewer metabolic disorders (p < 0.1), ↑ = significantly more metabolic disorders (p < 0.05); ns = not significant.