Table 48.
Management‐related hazards affecting metabolic disorders across various housing systems
| Hazards | Variable | Effect | Analysis (a) | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Dry cows housed separately (vs. together with lactating cows) |
KETO‐sc: BHB ≥ 1.2 mmol/L |
↑ | MA | Oetting‐Neumann et al. (2018) |
| High frequency of pushing up the diet in the feed bunk (3 times per day) |
KETO‐sc: BHB ≥ 1.2 mmol/L |
↑ | MA | Oetting‐Neumann et al. (2018) |
| Two phase dry cow feeding (vs. one‐phase) |
KETO‐sc: BHB ≥ 1.2 mmol/L |
↑ | MA | Oetting‐Neumann et al. (2018) |
| Housing dry cows in more than one group | KETO‐c or DISABO‐c | ↑ | MA | Stengärde et al. (2012) |
| Daily cleaning of heifer feeding platform | KETO‐c or DISABO‐c | ↑ | MA | Stengärde et al. (2012) |
| Feeding roughage and concentrates separately vs. PMR |
KETO‐sc: BHB ≥ 1.0 mmol/L |
↑ | MA | Berge and Vertenten (2014) |
| PMR vs. TMR | ↑ | MA |
↑ = significant better metabolic health; ns = not significant; empty cells = not assessed.
(a)
MA = multivariable analysis; UA = univariable analysis; PMR: Partial mixed ration; TMR: Total mixed ration.