Table I.9.

Associations between herd size and integument alterations

Country	System	n (a)	Herd size, ø (range)	Variable	Analysis (b)	Effect	Reference
SI	Cubicle	99	106 (49–223)	Hock alteration	MA	ns	Ekman et al. (2018)
USA (NE)	Cubicle	38	na	Hock alteration	MA	ns	Barrientos et al. (2013)
USA (CA)	Cubicle	38	na	Hock alteration	MA	ns	Barrientos et al. (2013)
UK	Cubicle	63	162 (46–394)	Hock mild (c)	MA	↓	Potterton et al. (2011)
				Hock lesion	MA	↑
				Hock swelling	MA	ns
NL	Cubicle	179	(22–211)	Integument severe (d)	MA	ns	de Vries et al. (2015)

↓ = significantly less alterations in larger herds (p < 0.05), ↑ = significantly more alterations in larger herds (p < 0.05), ns = not significant (p > 0.05).

^(a)Number of farms.

^(b)Statistical analysis: MA = multivariable analysis (in the case of univariable pre‐selection of factors only effects of the final models were considered), UA = univariable analysis.

^(c)Hair loss.

^(d)Lesion/swelling.