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. 2023 May 16;21(5):e07993. doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2023.7993

Table K.1: List of welfare consequences and animal‐based measures (ABM) supplied to the expert group during the elicitation

Welfare consequence POSSIBLE ABMs
Thermoregulatory Stress Incidence rates of accurately recorded disease events (seasonal) Lying times score (automated or observed) Observational scoring of social or exploratory behaviours Score of % lying in passageways
Group, handling sensory stress Observational scoring of social or exploratory behaviours Flight distance score Lying times score (automated or observed)
Gastro‐enteric Incidence rates of accurately recorded disease events Faecal pat scoring Score of rumen fill Body condition score
Respiratory disorders Incidence rates of accurately recorded disease events Body condition score
Reproduction‐related stress Calving to conception interval, FTC, Conception rate
Inability to perform feed‐ and exploration‐related behaviours Observational scoring of social or exploratory behaviours Flight distance score
Inability to perform play behaviour Observational scoring of social or exploratory behaviours
Inability to perform comfort behaviour Observational scoring of social or exploratory behaviours Cleanliness scoring
Locomotory disorders Lameness ‐ gait score (and lesion score) Body condition score
Mastitis Incidence rate clinical cases, Bulk milk SCC Teat score
Metabolic disorders Metabolic profile sampling Body condition score
Prolonged hunger or thirst Body condition score Score of rumen fill Incidence rates of accurately recorded disease events Water usage/cow/day
Restriction of movement Observational scoring of social or exploratory behaviours Score of lying, rising and lying down behaviours Cleanliness scoring Lameness ‐ gait score (and lesion score)
Resting problems Leg lesion/injury/integument score Cow posture scoring Score of % lying in passageways Score of lying, rising and lying down behaviours
Skin or soft tissue damage Leg lesion/injury/integument score Lameness ‐ gait score (and lesion score)
Musculoskeletal disorders Leg lesion/injury/integument score Lameness ‐ gait score (and lesion score)