Welfare consequence
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POSSIBLE ABMs
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Thermoregulatory Stress |
Incidence rates of accurately recorded disease events (seasonal) |
Lying times score (automated or observed) |
Observational scoring of social or exploratory behaviours |
Score of % lying in passageways |
Group, handling sensory stress |
Observational scoring of social or exploratory behaviours |
Flight distance score |
Lying times score (automated or observed) |
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Gastro‐enteric |
Incidence rates of accurately recorded disease events |
Faecal pat scoring |
Score of rumen fill |
Body condition score |
Respiratory disorders |
Incidence rates of accurately recorded disease events |
Body condition score |
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Reproduction‐related stress |
Calving to conception interval, FTC, Conception rate |
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Inability to perform feed‐ and exploration‐related behaviours |
Observational scoring of social or exploratory behaviours |
Flight distance score |
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Inability to perform play behaviour |
Observational scoring of social or exploratory behaviours |
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Inability to perform comfort behaviour |
Observational scoring of social or exploratory behaviours |
Cleanliness scoring |
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Locomotory disorders |
Lameness ‐ gait score (and lesion score) |
Body condition score |
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Mastitis |
Incidence rate clinical cases, Bulk milk SCC |
Teat score |
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Metabolic disorders |
Metabolic profile sampling |
Body condition score |
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Prolonged hunger or thirst |
Body condition score |
Score of rumen fill |
Incidence rates of accurately recorded disease events |
Water usage/cow/day |
Restriction of movement |
Observational scoring of social or exploratory behaviours |
Score of lying, rising and lying down behaviours |
Cleanliness scoring |
Lameness ‐ gait score (and lesion score) |
Resting problems |
Leg lesion/injury/integument score |
Cow posture scoring |
Score of % lying in passageways |
Score of lying, rising and lying down behaviours |
Skin or soft tissue damage |
Leg lesion/injury/integument score |
Lameness ‐ gait score (and lesion score) |
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Musculoskeletal disorders |
Leg lesion/injury/integument score |
Lameness ‐ gait score (and lesion score) |
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