Table 7.
Applications of radiomics-based treatment response prediction
| Image modality | Number of patients | Cancer | Target | Number of radiomics features | Commercial or open-source software | Method | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| US | 36 | HNC | Responses to radical radiotherapy | 1–3 | SPSS, Matlab |
ML: Naïve Bayes, KNN, Leave-one-out CV SM: Shapiro–Wilk test, t-test, Mann–Whitney U-test, Kaplan–Meier analysis, log-rank test |
[44] |
| CT | 290 | HNSCC | Incomplete response to definitive radiotherapy or chemo-radiation | Unspecified | PyRadiomics, Python |
ML: L1-penalized (LASSO) LR, MI, Grid search with CV, fivefold CV SM: F-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis |
[45] |
| CT | 27 | HNSCC | Lymph node response to IC | 3 | 3D Slicer, R |
ML: LASSO, LR, fivefold CV SM: Pearson correlation analysis |
[46] |
| MRI | 272 | NPC | Tumor retraction to IC combined with concurrent chemo-radiotherapy | 7/12 | ITK-SNAP, Artificial Intelligence Kit, R |
ML: mRMR, LASSO, LR, tenfold CV SM: ICC, Z-score |
[47] |
| MRI | 137 | Rectal cancer | Treatment response to NAC | 19 | ITK-SNAP, Python, R |
ML: LASSO, LR SM: ICC, Pearson correlation analysis, Univariate analysis, Backward elimination, Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test, the Kruskal–Wallis test |
[48] |
| MRI | 140 | Breast cancer | Pathologic complete response to NAC | 5 | ITK-SNAP, GE Healthcare, Python, R |
ML: LASSO, LR, fivefold CV SM: ICC, ANOVA, t-test, Spearman correlation analysis. Mann–Whitney U test, Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test, Hosmer–Lemeshow test, DeLong test |
[49] |
| MRI | 634 | Rectal cancer | T downstaging (ypT0-2) after NAC | Unspecified | SPSS, Precision Medicine Open Platform, R, SIMCA |
ML: PCA, SVM, LR, LASSO, Partial least-squares discriminant analysis, RF SM: Mann–Whitney U test, Fisher’s exact test, Univariate analyses, Multivariate analyses, Pearson correlation analysis, ANOVA |
[50] |
CT computed tomography, MRI magnetic resonance imaging, US ultrasonography, ML machine learning, SM statistical method, HNC head and neck cancer, HNSCC head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, NPC nasopharyngeal carcinoma, IC induction chemotherapy, NAC neoadjuvant chemotherapy, KNN K-nearest neighbors, CV cross validation, LR logistic regression, MI mutual information, ANOVA analysis of variance, LASSO least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, mRMR maximum relevance minimum redundancy, ICC intraclass correlation coefficients, PCA principal component analysis, SVM support vector machine, RF random forest