Figure 8.

Treatment with siponimod decreased the expression of IFN-γ, IL-1β, and XCL1 at 36 h after ICH. (A-B) Representative Western blot bands of proinflammatory factor, HMGB1, IFN-γ, IL-1β, RANTES, and XCL1 were detected by loading brain protein samples from sham-operated and ICH mice treated with vehicle or siponimod, and β-actin was used as the loading control. (C-E) Scattergrams show the quantitative analysis of HMGB1, IFN-γ, IL-1β, RANTES, and XCL1 expression at 36 h after ICH. Densitometric quantification suggested that siponimod administration significantly decreased the levels of IFN-γ, IL-1β (D), and XCL1 (E) levels (one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s post hoc test, n = 6 mice per group), and siponimod treatment also reduced HMGB1 and RANTES (C) levels. However, it did not reach statistical significance (Kruskal-Wallis test for multiple comparisons, n = 6 mice per group). Data for HMGB1 and RANTES are presented as median and IQR; other data are expressed as mean ± SD. RANTES: On activation, normal T cells were expressed and secreted.