Table 1.
Results from Cox proportional hazards regression model for association between diabetes status, glycemic control, body mass index, and risk of pyogenic liver abscess.
| No. of cases | Person-year | Incidence rate (/10,000 person-years) | Age- and sex-adjusted HR (95% CI) | Multivariable-adjusted HR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Glycemic control | |||||
| Non-diabetes | 132 | 895,142.3 | 1.47 | Ref | Ref |
| Diabetes | 60 | 85,427.6 | 7.05 | 4.77 (3.52–6.47) | 3.00 (2.18–4.13) |
| Good glycemic control (FPG≦130 mg/dl) | 13 | 23,320.1 | 5.57 | 3.79 (2.14–6.70) | 2.18 (1.22–3.90) |
| Poor glycemic control (FPG > 130 mg/dl) | 47 | 62,107.6 | 7.57 | 5.14 (3.68–7.17) | 3.34 (2.37–4.72) |
| Diabetes-related complications | |||||
| Non-diabetes | 132 | 895,308.9 | 2.22 | Ref | Ref |
| Diabetes | |||||
| DCSI = 0 | 8 | 12,776.5 | 6.26 | 4.26 (2.09–8.70) | 3.42 (1.67–7.00) |
| DCSI = 1 | 12 | 14,915.9 | 8.05 | 5.47 (3.03–9.87) | 4.22 (2.33–7.65) |
| DCSI > = 2 | 40 | 57,568.7 | 6.94 | 4.72 (3.31–6.72) | 2.69 (1.85–3.89) |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | |||||
| < 18.5 | 3 | 27,217.54 | 1.10 | 0.89 (0.28–2.81) | 0.97 (0.31–3.09) |
| 18.5–25.0 | 81 | 571,249.0 | 1.42 | Ref | Ref |
| 25.0–30.0 | 85 | 315,697.2 | 2.69 | 1.59 (1.18–2.17) | 1.43 (1.05–1.95) |
| > 30.0 | 23 | 66,406.2 | 3.46 | 2.22 (1.40–3.53) | 1.75 (1.09–2.81) |
HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval, FPG fasting plasma glucose, DCSI diabetes complications severity index.
*Adjusted for age, sex, tobacco smoking, alcohol use, betel nut use, education level, marital status, body mass index, biliary tract and gall bladder disease, cirrhosis, and GI/liver cancer. All variables were adjusted for as categorical variables (see Table 3 for details) except for age (as a continuous variable).