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. 2023 Jan 25;31(5):1225–1230. doi: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.01.021

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Endogenous and engineered EV pathways

Unmodified EVs are naturally generated and taken up by target cells where their payloads can be taken up, recycled, or degraded. Producer cells can be modified to generate EVs packaged with RNA, protein, and potentially even DNA payloads, and these shed EVs can be taken up by target cells where their payloads are released.