Table 1.
Mean (SD) of anxiety-depression (range: 1–4) by mode of social contact and covariates.
| May 20 | n | Sep–Oct 20 | n | Feb–Mar 21 | n | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Met people in-person | ||||||
| Every day | 1.46 (0.64) | 267 | 1.52 (0.70) | 1510 | 1.61 (0.77) | 669 |
| 4–6 days | 1.41 (0.64) | 342 | 1.52 (0.66) | 1887 | 1.57 (0.70) | 833 |
| 2–3 days | 1.47 (0.63) | 972 | 1.52 (0.67) | 4788 | 1.59 (0.71) | 2413 |
| 1 day | 1.49 (0.64) | 2283 | 1.57 (0.71) | 3997 | 1.58 (0.70) | 4181 |
| Never | 1.54 (0.70) | 6375 | 1.63 (0.78) | 2237 | 1.63 (0.76) | 7032 |
| Talked to family/friend via video/phone | ||||||
| Every day | 1.53 (0.69) | 3777 | 1.58 (0.73) | 3947 | 1.62 (0.75) | 4293 |
| 4–6 days | 1.47 (0.63) | 1843 | 1.51 (0.66) | 2171 | 1.54 (0.68) | 2275 |
| 2–3 days | 1.49 (0.65) | 3118 | 1.50 (0.65) | 4737 | 1.57 (0.70) | 4988 |
| 1 day | 1.56 (0.71) | 1148 | 1.57 (0.72) | 2350 | 1.65 (0.76) | 2545 |
| Never | 1.70 (0.83) | 353 | 1.68 (0.78) | 1214 | 1.77 (0.86) | 1027 |
| Contacted family/friend by electronic message (msg) | ||||||
| Every day | 1.58 (0.70) | 5630 | 1.62 (0.74) | 6519 | 1.67 (0.76) | 6891 |
| 4–6 days | 1.46 (0.64) | 1685 | 1.49 (0.65) | 2536 | 1.56 (0.70) | 2556 |
| 2–3 days | 1.42 (0.63) | 1914 | 1.48 (0.65) | 3394 | 1.53 (0.69) | 3647 |
| 1 day | 1.44 (0.64) | 628 | 1.49 (0.66) | 1178 | 1.54 (0.72) | 1272 |
| Never | 1.50 (0.74) | 382 | 1.58 (0.78) | 792 | 1.60 (0.80) | 762 |
| Took part in an online community activity | ||||||
| Every day | 1.52 (0.66) | 1100 | 1.63 (0.74) | 1252 | 1.69 (0.77) | 981 |
| 4–6 days | 1.53 (0.68) | 588 | 1.57 (0.69) | 584 | 1.58 (0.65) | 577 |
| 2–3 days | 1.49 (0.63) | 1777 | 1.56 (0.67) | 1493 | 1.57 (0.67) | 1596 |
| 1 day | 1.50 (0.67) | 2106 | 1.53 (0.66) | 1852 | 1.56 (0.70) | 2377 |
| Never | 1.53 (0.70) | 4668 | 1.54 (0.71) | 9238 | 1.62 (0.75) | 9597 |
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 1.44 (0.02) | 6205 | 1.47 (0.02) | 4654 | 1.50 (0.02) | 5397 |
| Female | 1.68 (0.02) | 6386 | 1.65 (0.02) | 5021 | 1.71 (0.02) | 5891 |
| COVID symptoms | ||||||
| No | 1.52 (0.01) | 9860 | 1.52 (0.01) | 9257 | 1.57 (0.01) | 9385 |
| Yes | 1.71 (0.03) | 2593 | 1.81 (0.04) | 1558 | 1.84 (0.04) | 1898 |
| Tested positive for COVID-19 | ||||||
| No | 1.56 (0.01) | 12,457 | 1.59 (0.01) | 16,984 | 1.64 (0.01) | 18,380 |
| Yes | 2.07 (0.4) | 50 | 1.64 (0.08) | 261 | 1.71 (0.04) | 1611 |
| Self-rated health | ||||||
| Excellent/Very Good | 1.40 (0.01) | 6740 | 1.39 (0.01) | 5916 | 1.42 (0.01) | 5605 |
| Good–Poor | 1.75 (0.02) | 5851 | 1.77 (0.02) | 4914 | 1.8 (0.02) | 5680 |
| Finances | ||||||
| Much worse off | 1.82 (0.05) | 1173 | 1.95 (0.06) | 841 | 1.98 (0.05) | 1161 |
| A little worse off | 1.6 (0.03) | 2910 | 1.62 (0.03) | 1865 | 1.66 (0.03) | 2027 |
| About the same | 1.53 (0.02) | 5841 | 1.53 (0.02) | 5701 | 1.56 (0.02) | 5022 |
| A little better off | 1.48 (0.02) | 2156 | 1.48 (0.03) | 1951 | 1.54 (0.03) | 2331 |
| Much better off | 1.49 (0.03) | 478 | 1.49 (0.05) | 458 | 1.51 (0.03) | 731 |
| Household (hh) size | ||||||
| More than 1 person | 1.56 (0.01) | 10,478 | 1.56 (0.01) | 8863 | 1.62 (0.01) | 9192 |
| Single person hh | 1.58 (0.03) | 2103 | 1.56 (0.03) | 1935 | 1.59 (0.04) | 2065 |
| Keyworker | ||||||
| Not in paid work | 1.66 (0.02) | 7281 | 1.75 (0.02) | 7176 | 1.82 (0.02) | 9352 |
| Keyworker | 1.46 (0.02) | 2837 | 1.49 (0.02) | 4627 | 1.53 (0.02) | 5862 |
| Not a keyworker | 1.39 (0.02) | 2396 | 1.45 (0.02) | 5430 | 1.47 (0.02) | 4717 |