Table 1.
Characteristics of the study population, n (%)
|
Variable
|
COVID, n = 518
|
Pre-COVID, n = 675
|
P
value |
| Recipient | |||
| Age, yr, median (IQR) | 64.0 (60.0, 67.8) | 63.0 (59.0, 67.0) | 0.2 |
| Male | 405 (78) | 529 (78) | 0.98 |
| Race, White | 328 (63) | 388 (57) | 0.12 |
| African American | 36 (6.9) | 47 (7.0) | |
| Hispanic | 108 (21) | 153 (23) | |
| Asian | 39 (7.5) | 69 (10) | |
| Others | 7 (1.4) | 19 (2.8) | |
| BMI median (IQR) kg/m2 | 29.3 (25.7, 33.2) | 28.9 (25.3, 33.0) | 0.26 |
| Etiology, HCV | 180 (35) | 258 (38) | 0.034 |
| HBV | 33 (6.4) | 43 (6.4) | |
| ALD | 95 (18) | 149 (22) | |
| NASH | 118 (23) | 107 (16) | |
| Others | 92 (18) | 118 (17) | |
| Blood Type, A | 203 (39) | 235 (35) | 0.13 |
| AB | 18 (3.5) | 27 (4.0) | |
| B | 76 (15) | 82 (12) | |
| O | 221 (43) | 331 (49) | |
| Diabetes | 208 (40) | 255 (38) | 0.4 |
| HCV positive serostatus | 229 (46) | 319 (49) | 0.28 |
| Previous abdominal surgery | 229 (45) | 330 (49) | 0.19 |
| Portal vein thrombosis | 66 (13) | 106 (16) | 0.19 |
| Hemodialysis at transplant | 8 (1.6) | 8 (1.2) | 0.59 |
| TIPSS | 30 (5.8) | 32 (4.7) | 0.42 |
| AFP ng/mL, median (IQR) | 6.0 (3.0, 15.0) | 7.0 (4.0, 16.0) | 0.21 |
| MELD score, median (IQR) | 10 (8, 14) | 10 (8, 14) | 0.33 |
| MELD exception | 510 (98) | 658 (97) | 0.24 |
| Mechanical ventilation | 0 (0) | 2 (0.3) | 0.51 |
| Waiting days, median (IQR) | 279 (221, 392) | 300 (228, 424) | 0.041 |
| Patient location at transplant | 0.62 | ||
| ICU at time of transplant | 2 (0.4) | 5 (0.7) | |
| Non-ICU inpatient at time of transplant | 19 (3.7) | 31 (4.6) | |
| Outpatient | 487 (96) | 639 (95) | |
| Donor | |||
| Age, yr, median (IQR) | 45.0 (32.0, 59.0) | 44.0 (30.0, 56.0) | 0.027 |
| Male | 326 (63) | 421 (62) | 0.84 |
| Race, White | 322 (62) | 428 (63) | 0.058 |
| African American | 104 (20) | 117 (17) | |
| Hispanic | 73 (14) | 92 (14) | |
| Asian | 15 (2.9) | 17 (2.5) | |
| Others | 4 (0.8) | 21 (3.1) | |
| BMI median (IQR) kg/m2 | 27.8 (24.4, 33.2) | 27.0 (23.8, 30.9) | < 0.001 |
| Blood Type, A | 204 (39) | 237 (35) | 0.12 |
| AB | 14 (2.7) | 16 (2.4) | |
| B | 80 (15) | 88 (13) | |
| O | 220 (42) | 334 (49) | |
| HCV NAT positive | 37 (7.1) | 39 (5.8) | 0.34 |
| HCV antibody positive | 59 (11) | 76 (11) | 0.94 |
| Donor causes of death: Anoxia | 234 (45) | 265 (39) | 0.026 |
| Cerebrovascular accident | 158 (31) | 221 (33) | |
| Head trauma | 104 (20) | 172 (25) | |
| Central nervous system tumor | 2 (0.4) | 4 (0.6) | |
| Others | 20 (3.9) | 13 (1.9) | |
| Donor after cardiac death | 62 (12) | 80 (12) | 0.95 |
| Organ Share, Local | 241 (47) | 508 (75) | < 0.001 |
| Regional | 174 (34) | 145 (21) | |
| National | 103 (20) | 22 (3.3) | |
| Donor risk index, median (IQR) | 1.68 (1.45, 2.06) | 1.59 (1.35, 1.91) | < 0.001 |
COVID: Coronavirus disease; IQR: Interquartile range; BMI: Body mass index; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; ALD: Alcoholic liver disease; NASH: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; TIPSS: Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt; AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein; MELD: Model for end-stage liver disease; ICU: Intensive care units; NAT: Nucleic acid amplification test.