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. 2022 Apr 19;2(4):20210274. doi: 10.1002/EXP.20210274

FIGURE 1.

FIGURE 1

Fabrication, cell uptake, and combinational therapy effects of AMNM@TMZ/OTX. (A) ABNM@TMZ/OTX nanomedicine was generated from AopE peptide modified red blood cell membrane, TMZ, and OTX co‐loaded pH‐sensitive nanomedicines. (B) TEM images of the naked nanomedicine core (NM, left) and ApoE decorated biomimetic nanomedicine (ABNM, right). (C) Flow cytometry of GL261 cells treated with 4 h incubation with ABNM (FITC tagged nanoparticles, FITC: 0.5 μg/mL). (D) Schematic illustration of TMZ chemo‐immunotherapy mediated by ABNM@TMZ/OTX against GL261 GBM cells. TMZ kills GBM tumor cells, co‐delivery of OTX inhibits cell proliferation, limits DNA damage repair, and potentiates TMZ sensitivity. (E) DNA damage foci of GL261 cells receiving ABNM@TMZ/OTX, ABNM@TMZ, ABNM@OTX, free TMZ/OTX, free OTX, and free TMZ for 72 h (TMZ: 150 μM; OTX: 400 nM). Scale bar = 10 μm. (F) Cell proliferation studies in GL261 GBM cells after 72 h incubation with ABNM@TMZ/OTX, ABNM@TMZ, or ABNM@OTX. (G) The Chou‐Talalay Fa‐CI plot of ABNM@TMZ/OTX treatment. (H) Cell proliferation studies in GL261 GBM cells after 72 h incubation with free TMZ/OTX, free TMZ, or free OTX. (I) The Chou‐Talalay Fa‐CI plot of free TMZ/OTX treatment