Table 2.
Study site characteristics, by country
| Counties | |||
| KENYA | Garissa | Kisumu | Turkana |
| Geographical location | Northeast | Western/Lake Region | Northwest |
| Total population | 841 353 | 1 155 574 | 926 976 |
| Population characteristics | Nomadic pastoralists | Urban | Nomadic pastoralists |
| Other characteristics | Conflict—internally displaced persons (IDP), refugees | UHC pilot county | Understudied |
| Districts | |||
| MALAWI | Nkhata Bay | Thyolo | Zomba |
| Geographical location | North | South | South |
| Total population (2018) | 285 795 | 721 456 | 746 724 |
| Other characteristics | Only UNICEF district health strengthening initiative district in Northern Malawi | Less researched; smaller district | Includes urban areas |
| Districts | |||
| Uganda | Kiryandongo | Iganga | Isingiro |
| Geographical location | West | East | West |
| Total population (2014) | 266 197 | 504 197 | 486 360 |
| When the district was established | 2010 | 1975 (name changed in 1980) |
|
| Other characteristics | IDP, refugees | Rural | Rural |