TABLE 2.
A brief summary of organic fluorophores with NIR‐IIb emission
| Fluorophore | Hydrophilic modification | Abs/Em (nm) | Quantum yield a | Bioimaging application | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ICG | Lipophilic | 780–820/1500 | 9.3% (NIR‐I, in serum) | Lymphatic, cardiovascular, intestinal tract tracking, tumor, and whole‐body imaging | [61] |
| FD‐1080 J‐Aggregates | DMPC | 1360–1370/1500 | 0.0545% | Vascular imaging and hypertension monitoring | [65] |
| HQL2 | DSPE‐mPEG5k | 710–1050/1500 | 0.002% | Tumor and vessels imaging | [77] |
| HL3 | DPPE‐5KPEG | 750–1050/1550 | 0.005% | Cerebrovascular, lymph node and whole‐body imaging | [47] |
| 2TT‐Oc26b | DSPE‐mPEG2k | 700–1030/1600 | 0.012% | Cerebrovascular, intestinal tract tracking, and whole‐body imaging | [81] |
a
Fluorescence quantum yields of organic fluorophores in the NIR‐IIb region as standardized based on IR26 = 0.05% (in 1,2‐dichloroethane).