FIGURE 14.

Overview of NIR‐II imaging for tumor. With the superior performance in terms of tissue penetration depth and spatiotemporal resolution, NIR‐II imaging has become a powerful imaging tool for in vivo detection. For oncology research, the heterogeneity in breast cancer has been detected by multi‐light path composite imaging, and the heterogeneity distribution of CD8⁺T cells in colon cancer has been imaged. At the same time, the imaging exploration of the microstructure in tumors provides the possibility for future research on the heterogeneity of tumors. In terms of tumor progression, it has shown a very high sensitivity to detecting lymphatic metastasis and distant metastasis of tumors. Reproduced with permission.^{[ 196} , ²⁰⁸ , ²⁴² , ²⁵⁵ , ²⁹³ , ^{295 ]} Copyright 2019, Ivyspring International publisher (tumor heterogeneity);Copyright 2019, Springer Nature (tumor heterogenity); Copyright 2020, John Wiley & Sons (tumor progression); Copyright 2020, Ivyspring International publisher (surgery navigation).